Protective effects of raw and cooked blackcurrant extract on DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide in human lymphoblastoid cells

Abstract

Context: Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) is a classical fruit that has long been used to make juice, liqueur and sometimes medicines in Europe. The beneficial effects of blackcurrant, which are inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory, anticarcinogenesis and other health effects, have been reported. Objective: Previously, we reported the antimutagenic activities of blackcurrant using a yeast gene mutation assay. In this study, we investigated whether this antimutagenicity of blackcurrant was confirmed in human cells. Materials and methods:We prepared four types of aqueous blackcurrant extracts (BCE) from mature and premature with or without heat treatment by microwave. Antioxidant activities of BCE were measured by the DPPH radical scavenger assay. In the DPPH radical scavenger assay, the maximum concentration of BCE was 1.6 mg/reaction. We investigated the antigenotoxic activities of BCE by the comet assay and micronucleus test using the human lymphoblastoid cell line TK6. In the comet assay, TK6 was treated with 300 mM H 2 O 2 without or with BCE at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mg/mL. In the micronucleus test, TK6 was treated with 1 mg/mL BCE without or with H 2 O 2 . Results: All BCEs exhibited more than 90% of inhibition rates of DPPH radicals at the maximum concentration of BCE. DNA damage and micronuclei induced by H 2 O 2 significantly decreased in the each BCE-treated condition. Conclusion:The results suggest that BCE treatment can reduce the genomic instability induced by H 2 O 2 in human cells. We consider that these antigenotoxic effects are related to polyphenols, L-ascorbic acid and other antioxidant compounds.

Polyphenols and DNA Damage: A Mixed Blessing

“…The extract of one Australian fruit (among several studied) caused an increase in MN [48]. Other reports are of protection against oxidation damage caused by H 2 O 2 [43,44,46]; or tert-butyl-hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) [45,49]. The exception to usage of high doses is a report by Bellion et al [47] with apple polyphenol extracts; they found that 24 h pre-incubation of Caco2 cells decreased the DNA damage induced by menadione (low concentrations actually giving the greatest protection).…”

Radioprotective activity of blackcurrant extract evaluated by in vitro micronucleus and gene mutation assays in TK6 human lymphoblastoid cells

“…TK6 was exposed to γ-irradiation at doses of 0.125, 0.250, 0.500, and 1.000 Gy with or without 1.0 mg/mL BCE, a concentration that was decided in accordance with a previous study [ 3 ]. The dose rate was 1.0 Gy/min (Fig.…”

“…Recently, we reported that extracts of mature and premature blackcurrant produced in Aomori Prefecture had high anti-oxidant and anti-genotoxic activities, as evaluated using a yeast loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) assay, an in vitro comet assay to evaluate DNA damage, and a micronucleus (MN) test to screen for genotoxic compounds in human TK6 lymphoblastoid cells [ 2 , 3 ]. In the yeast LOH assay, blackcurrant extracts (BCEs) extracted from premature and mature fruits suppressed gene mutations induced by hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), and ultraviolet (UV) radiation [ 2 ].…”

“…In the yeast LOH assay, blackcurrant extracts (BCEs) extracted from premature and mature fruits suppressed gene mutations induced by hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), and ultraviolet (UV) radiation [ 2 ]. The BCEs showed antigenotoxic effects, with or without heat treatment, against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in human lymphoblastoid cells, as determined using comet and MN assays [ 3 ].…”

Anthocyanin-rich blackcurrant extract inhibits proliferation of the MCF10A healthy human breast epithelial cell line through induction of G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis

“…Delphinidin-3-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside are specific blackcurrant anthocyanins (2). These blackcurrant constituents have been associated with certain health benefits, including improved blood flow (5), decreased inflammatory marker levels (6) and protection against DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (7).…”