Protective effects of total flavonoids from Alpinia officinarum rhizoma against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in vivo and in vitro

Abstract

Context: Alpinia officinarum Hance (Zingiberaceae) is traditionally used to treat inflammation, pain, colds and digestive diseases. Objective: To investigate the potential protective mechanism of total flavonoids from the rhizomes of A. officinarum (F-AOH) in ethanol-induced acute gastric in vivo and in vitro. Materials and methods: In vivo: Gastric damage was induced in BALB/c mice by administering ethanol (10 mL/kg) after oral treatment with F-AOH at 126.8, 63.4 and 31.7 mg/kg or ranitidine (Ran) at 100 mg/kg (1 week of continuous gavage). In vitro: Gastric mucosal epithelial cells (GES-1) were incubated with F-AOH (8, 4 and 2 lg/mL) for 16 h and treated with 7% ethanol for 4 h. The extent of gastric damage was assessed histopathologically, and the expression of NF-jB, COX-2, TNF-a, iNOS and IL-1b was quantified by Western blot analysis. In addition, proinflammatory mediators and concentrations of motilin (MTL) and gastrin (GAS) were measured by ELISA test. Results: F-AOH effectively reduced the ulcer index (from 23.4 ± 4.28 to 8.32 ± 1.5) and reduced release of inflammatory mediators (IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a and PGE2), increased the content of nitric oxide and improved GAS and MTL secretion. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50) of F-AOH on cell damage was 17 lg/mL. F-AOH increased ethanol-induced cell survival (from 47 to 85%) and inhibited the expression of NF-jB, COX-2, TNF-a, IL-1b and iNOS proteins. Conclusions: F-AOH inhibits ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage, provides a theoretical basis for galangal in the treatment of other causes of GU, and promotes the application of galanga in the treatment of GU.

Chemical Constituents and Anti‐Gastric Ulcer Activity of Essential Oils of Alpinia officinarum (Zingiberaceae), Cyperus rotundus (Cyperaceae), and Their Herbal Pair

“…[10] As an HP, GLJ-XF was first recorded as Liangfu Wan in 'Liangfang Jiye' during the Qing dynasty (1700 AD) and has long been used for the treatment of colds, stomachache, and dyspepsia. [11] Modern pharmacological studies have shown that both GLJ and XF have protective effects on the gastric mucosa, [12,13] which is due to the rich volatile oils in the dried roots of these plant species. GLJ has been conventionally used for many conditions, such as for 'dispelling cold', relieving pain, 'warming the stomach', and as an antiemetic agent, [14] whereas XF possesses medicinal properties which include 'coursing the liver', resolving depression, 'regulating qi', and analgesia.…”

Commiphora myrrh Supplementation Protects and Cures Ethanol-Induced Oxidative Alterations of Gastric Ulceration in Rats

“…Gastric ulcers are still a global gastrointestinal disorder. Ethanol ingestion prompts intensified ulcer index, proven by marked gastric mucosal long hemorrhagic bands, petechial lesions with ulcerative inflammation [ 28 ], gastric degeneration and necrosis [ 29 ], death of epithelial cells, and local or multiple hemorrhagic ulcers [ 30 ]. This may be attributed to the high expression of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokine’s that are chemotactic to leukocytes and other cells of inflammatory processes [ 31 ].…”

Antitumor activity of flavonoids from Alpinia officinarum hance on gastric cancer

“…5 According to the literature research, the efficiency of A. officinarum in treating gastritis and gastric cancer was closely related to the component of TFAO. 15 In this study, we established MFC tumor-bearing model and analyzed the effects of TFAO on the tumor growth, organ indices, and the concentrations of serum PCNA, MMP-9, VEGF, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-17 in vivo. Additionally, in vitro experiments were carried out to determine the effects of galangin on the cellular proliferation of BGC-823 cells, cell cycle, apoptosis, and the activity of Caspases, as well as its effects on the expression of Caspase 3, Caspase 8, Caspase 9, CyclinB1, CyclinD1, Bcl-2, Bax, and STAT3 protein.…”