Protective Effects of Xylose-Taurine Reduced against Damages Caused by Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos In Vivo Model

Abstract

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is useful and convenient vertebrate models in various studies in human disease and drug discovery. In this present study, we first evaluated whether Xylose-Taurine reduced (X-T-R), a taurine derivate protects zebrafish embryos against oxidative stress caused by AAPH (2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride). First of all, we selected the concentration of X-T-R showing no toxicity in zebrafish embryos. We identified that X-T-R significantly increased the survival of zebrafish embryo reduced by treatment of AAPH. Also, X-T-R effectively inhibited the productions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) as well as the formation of cell death in zebrafish embryos. Moreover, X-T-R down-regulated the expression levels of Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9 and p53 known as pro-apoptotic molecules, whereas up-regulated those of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic molecule in AAPH-treated zebrafish embryos. From these results, this study reveals that X-T-R, a taurine derivate might be a potential protector against various damages caused by oxidative stress.

Antioxidant and laxative effects of taurine-xylose, a synthetic taurine-carbohydrate derivative, in loperamide-induced constipation in Sprague-Dawley rats

“…In our study, we confirmed that hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities such as those of GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT were markedly increased in both T-X-and DS-treated rats compared to those in the CON group. In a previous study, we confirmed that xylose-taurine-reduced (X-T-R), a taurine derivate, improved the survival rate of zebrafish embryos by suppressing intracellular NO and ROS generation 35 . X-T-R also showed potent hepatoprotective effects against oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide in response to Nrf2 signaling 36 .…”