Protective Efficacy of Nardostachys jatamansi (Rhizomes) on Mitochondrial Respiration and Lysosomal Hydrolases during Doxorubicin Induced Myocardial Injury in Rats

Abstract

Doxorubicin is highly effective in treatment for several forms of cancer. However, doxorubicin induces a cumulative and dose dependent cardiomyopathy that has been ascribed to redox-cycling of the molecule on the mitochondrial complex 1 generating in the process of increased oxidative stress. In the search of new potential cardioprotective agents, the present study is directed to explore the effect of ethanolic extract of Nardostachys jatamansi on the mitochondrial and lysosomal damage induced by doxorubicin in rats. Heart mitochondria were isolated from rats treated with doxorubicin (15 mg/kg, ip) a single dose, exhibited depressed rates of state 3 respiration, low respiratory control ratio (RCR), decreased Oxidative Phosphorylation ratio, Adenosine Triphosphate content and cytochromes (c, c 1 , b, aa 3 ). In addition the doxorubicin given rats showed significant changes in the lysosomal enzymes (Cathepsin-D, Acid phosphatase, β-D-glucoronidase, β-D-galactosidase and β-N-acetyl glucosaminidase) and membrane bound phosphatases. Also myocardial damage, as assessed by ultrastructural changes showed loss of myofibrils, mitochondrial swelling, and cytoplasmic vacuolization. Pretreatment with Nardostachys jatamansi (500 mg/kg body weight orally) for seven days ameliorated the observed abnormalities and significantly prevented the mitochondrial respiration, lysosomal integrity, membrane bound phosphatases and ultrastructural studies in doxorubicin induced rats. These findings suggest that the cardioprotective efficacy of Nardostachys jatamansi could be mediated possibly through its antioxidant effect as well as by the attenuation of the oxidative stress.

Orthopedic application of spikenard herbal rhizome decorated microstructured polymer biocomposites and their in vitro cytotoxicity

“…3 N. jatamansi rhizomes are used to treat skin diseases, mental illness, hypertension, epilepsy, cholera, hyperlipidemia and heart diseases. 4,5 Zahida et al, 6 stated that the essential oil of N. jatamansi has potential antimicrobial activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria.…”

In Vitro Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Nardostachys jatamansi DC.

“…(commonly named as jatamansi) belongs to family Valerianaceae and is described in Indian traditional system of medicine (Ayurveda) for its use in mental disorders, insomnia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and heart diseases [13]. It has protective effect in Parkinsonism, epilepsy, cerebral ischemia, and liver damage [14].…”

Effect of Nardostachys jatamansi DC. on Apoptosis, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induced by Doxorubicin in Wistar Rats

“…Recently, in a rodent model of inflammation, jatamansi has been shown to inhibit the production of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), and interferon (IFN-α/β) by inhibiting MAPKs (Mitogen-activated protein kinase) activation and induction of IRF (interferon regulatory factor) [ 21 ]. However, the drug has reported protection against doxorubicin-induced lipid peroxidation [ 22 , 23 ]; this study is, however, designed to evaluate the possible protective role of standardized jatamansi extract on oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic markers against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.…”