Protective forest management problems in Russia

Abstract

The distribution of forests by categories of protection is analyzed in accordance with the current normative documents on forest management in the territory of the Russian Federation. It is noted that protective forests are divided into 4 groups of protection categories; each of them includes specific types of protection categories. A considerable number of protection category types involves difficulties in working out the system of silvicultural measures for each of them. It should be noted that special purpose similarities of forest management in a number of protection categories types makes possible to unite them. The rules of wood harvesting, reforestation rules and care of forests rules present only general conception of forest management in protective forests. The standard plantations carrying out one or another protective functions at most, has not yet been worked out till now. As a result when planning and carrying out silvicultural measures experts in the field are forced to take non - standard solutions that infrequently results in disputed situations in work carried out estimation. Besides, maximum effect of measures accomplished is failed to be achieved. As a way to solve the problem it is offered to work out recommendations on zone (subzone) - typologic base in each of the specific protection categories. An increase in the area of protective forests can be achieved through the creation of artificial plantations on disturbed lands and lands that have come out of agricultural use. Thus, the plantations of Sukachev’s larch (Larix Sukaczewii Dyl.) created on the former arable land at the age of 61 have a stock of 740 m3 / ha with an average growth of 12.1 m3 / ha per year. The latter makes it possible to improve the ecological situation in the region and largely solve the problem of carbon dioxide deposition.