Protective role ofSpirulina platensisliquid extract against salinity stress effects onTriticum aestivumL.

Abstract

Salt stress is one of the most serious factors that influence the plant growth and yield. The extensive use of chemical fertilizers caused an increase in land contamination and hence effects on human health. The use of biofertilizers can solve these problems. In the present work, different concentrations of Spirulina platensis liquid extracts (SLEs; 1%, 2%, and 4%) were used to enhance seeds germination, seedling growth, length of radical, number of leaves, and plant height of T. aestivum L. S. platensis liquid extract (SLE) 2% was chosen to test against salt stress with 10% and 25% seawater in T. aestivum L. watered. The growth parameters such as shoot, root, length, fresh, dry weight, leaf width, number, and area were used to estimate the effects of 2% SLE against salt stress caused by seawater. Also the carbohydrate, protein, phenol, and total antioxidant contents were measured in T. aestivum L. treated with 2% SLE in combination with seawater and watered with different concentrations with seawater alone. The results denote that the best concentration of SLEs was 2%, which promoted the germination growth of T. aestivum L. in comparison to control and other concentrations. SLE (2%) enhanced the carbohydrates, protein, total phenol contents, and antioxidant contents of T. aestivum L., treated with seawaters (SW10% and SW25%) and SLEs in comparison to T. aestivum L. SW 10% and 25% alone. S. platensis liquid extract (SLE) can be used as biofertilizer to enhance the growth and phytochemical contents of T. aestivum L. and to make tolerance of T. aestivum L. against salinity.

Enhancing the Growth Performance, Cellular Structure, and Rubisco Gene Expression of Cadmium Treated Brassica chinensis Using Sargassum polycystum and Spirulina platensis Extracts

“…A study reported that seed priming of maize plants using S. platensis enhanced quantum yield (Fv/Fm) of Cd-treated plants, and an 0.83 ratio has been addressed as the optimum value for the healthy functioning of Photosystem II (PSII) [55]. S. platensis extracts also significantly increased the carotenoids and chlorophyll content of both Cd-treated Phaseolus vulgaris and salt-stressed Triticum aestivum L. [56,57]. The addition of S. polycystum and S. platensis extracts also positively increased the gas exchange characteristics.…”

Establishing the nexus between the coagulant for microalgae harvesting and the biomass nutrient assemblage

“…Consequent upon the need to ensure global food security through sustainable agricultural practice, the use of microalgae biomass is now being investigated as a green and sustainable resource substitute for conventional synthetic fertilizers and growth promoters. [1][2][3][4][5] This emerging interest in the use of the microalgae biomass is ascribed to its nutrient-rich status, and the potential for cultivation in nutrient-rich wastewater for the dual purposes of nutrient recovery and wastewater purication. 6 Microalgae biomass is endowed with both macro-and micronutrients that are crucial for crop development and growth, and are considered eco-friendly and probable substitutes for synthetic fertilizers and plant growth regulators.…”

Arthrospira promotes plant growth and soil properties under high salinity environments

“…These molecules effectively enhance crop development while conferring resilience against abiotic stressors ( Luo et al., 2022 ). Arthrospira , also known as Spirulina, is a salt-tolerant genus of cyanobacteria with applications spanning industries such as health food, wastewater treatment, pharmaceutics, perfumery, and medicine ( FAO, 2022 ; Hamouda et al., 2022 ). Nonetheless, the understanding of Arthrospira -based biofertilizers, especially their mechanisms of action, remains limited.…”

“…Arthrospira has been proven to improve soil mineral conditions and increase crop yields as a microalgae fertilizer ( Álvarez-Gómez et al., 2016 ; Ismaiel et al., 2022 ; Pei and Yu, 2022 ). A recent discovery unveiled a range of physiologically active chemicals in Arthrospira extract that could function as plant growth regulators, promoting seedling development and salt stress tolerance in Triticum aestivum ( Hamouda et al., 2022 ). Arthrospira is also capable of producing intracellular compatible solutes, such as trehalose (Tre) and glucosylglycerol (GG), to adapt to higher extracellular salinity ( Warr et al., 1985 ; Klähn and Hagemann, 2011 ; Luo et al., 2022 ).…”