Salt stress is one of the most serious factors that influence the plant growth and yield. The extensive use of chemical fertilizers caused an increase in land contamination and hence effects on human health. The use of biofertilizers can solve these problems. In the present work, different concentrations of Spirulina platensis liquid extracts (SLEs; 1%, 2%, and 4%) were used to enhance seeds germination, seedling growth, length of radical, number of leaves, and plant height of T. aestivum L. S. platensis liquid extract (SLE) 2% was chosen to test against salt stress with 10% and 25% seawater in T. aestivum L. watered. The growth parameters such as shoot, root, length, fresh, dry weight, leaf width, number, and area were used to estimate the effects of 2% SLE against salt stress caused by seawater. Also the carbohydrate, protein, phenol, and total antioxidant contents were measured in T. aestivum L. treated with 2% SLE in combination with seawater and watered with different concentrations with seawater alone. The results denote that the best concentration of SLEs was 2%, which promoted the germination growth of T. aestivum L. in comparison to control and other concentrations. SLE (2%) enhanced the carbohydrates, protein, total phenol contents, and antioxidant contents of T. aestivum L., treated with seawaters (SW10% and SW25%) and SLEs in comparison to T. aestivum L. SW 10% and 25% alone. S. platensis liquid extract (SLE) can be used as biofertilizer to enhance the growth and phytochemical contents of T. aestivum L. and to make tolerance of T. aestivum L. against salinity.

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HYTOREMEDIATION of waters by aquatic organisms such ……… as algae has been recently explored for the removal of organic pollutants possessing endocrine disrupting capacity. Two marines macro-algae Pterocladia capillacea and Ulva lactuca were tested for removal of chloramphenicol, clofibric acid, acetyl salicylic acid, nonylphenol and bisphenol in aqueous solutions at concentrations 5-60 mg/L under controlled laboratory conditions. The obtained results showed that chlorophyll "a" content of both algal biomasses reduced with increasing pharmaceuticals concentrations. Chlorophyll "a "content was diminished nearly to the half at concentration 45mg/L for both algal species. However, the nonylphenol and bisphenol were showed a strong inhibition of chlorophyll "a" biosynthesis at higher concentrations (50-60 mg/L). Both the Pterocladia capillacea and Ulva lactuca recorded the highest removal percentage of pharmaceuticals occurred at 12 hours of contact. Pterocladia capillacea had high capacity for bioremoval of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptor compounds than Ulva lactuca. The results also revealed that Pterocladia capillacea was recorded the maximum biosorption of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptor compounds in order nonylphenol > acetyl salicylic acid > clofibric acid > bisphenol > chloramphenicol, while the maximum biosorption exhibited by Ulva lactuca was recorded in order acetyl salicylic acid > clofibric acid > bisphenol > nonylphenol > chloramphenicol at contact time 12 hours. Both the tested algae suffered from oxidative stress as a result of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptor compounds exposure. Our results showed elevation in the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APO), catalase (CAT) levels in the tested algae after exposure to different pharmaceuticals when compared with their activities in the control.