Protective role ofPanax ginseng extract standardized with ginsenoside Rg3 against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in rats

Abstract

Acrylamide (ACR) is an industrial neurotoxic chemical that has been recently found in carbohydrate-rich foods cooked at high temperatures. ACR was designated as a probable human carcinogen by IARC (1994) and USEPA (1988). Panax ginseng extract has efficacies such as anticancer, antihypertension, antidiabetes and antinociception. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the protective effects of Panax ginseng extract against ACR-induced toxicity in rats. Sixty adult Sprague Dawley female rats were divided into six groups included a control group, a group treated orally with ACR (50 mg kg(-1) body weight; b.w.) for 11 days, a group treated orally with Panax ginseng extract (20 mg kg(-1) b.w.) for 11 days and groups treated orally with Panax ginseng for 11 days before, during or after 11 days of ACR treatment. The results indicated that treatment with ACR alone resulted in a significant increase in lipid peroxidation level and LDH activity in brain homogenate as well as in serum CK activity, whereas it caused a significant decrease in SOD activity and a small but statistically insignificant decrease in Na(+)K(+)-ATPase activity in brain homogenate. Serum serotonin, corticosterone, T3, T4, TSH, estradiol, progesterone and plasma adrenaline were significantly decreased in ACR-treated rats. Treatment with Panax ginseng before, during or after ACR treatment reduced or partially antagonized the effects induced by ACR towards the normal values of controls. It could be concluded that Panax ginseng extract exhibited a protective action against ACR toxicity and it is worth noting that treatment with Panax ginseng extract before or at the same time as ACR treatment was more effective than when administered after ACR treatment.

Protective potential of methanol extract of Digera muricata on acrylamide induced hepatotoxicity in rats

“…Oxidative stress implicated with AA injured the membranous system of hepatocytes with the increased level of transaminases in the blood. Results obtained in this study were comparable to other studies where significant increase in transaminases and LDH was obtained with AA treatment and level of liver marker enzymes reversed towards the normal level with ginseng extract (Manna et al, 2006), as the ginseng possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are obtained with DM. Decrease in total protein and albumin while increase in direct and total bilirubin indicated the liver dysfunction obtained in this study.…”

Neuroprotective Effect of Crocin on Acrylamide-induced Cytotoxicity in PC12 cells

“…Based on these studies, ACR-induced neurotoxicity may be associated with induction of lipid peroxidation, reduction of antioxidant capacity, and depletion of GSH level (Mannaa et al 2006;Yousef and El-Demerdash 2006;Zhu et al 2008). In the present study, ACR significantly induced stress oxidative and increased level of ROS in PC12 cells.…”

Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Salvia officinalis Leaves on some Physiological Parameters Aspects in Acrylamide-Treated Rats

“…These properties facilitate its rapid absorption and distribution through the body (Manna et al, 2006). ACR has become one of the major public health concerns since it was detected in widely consumed food items for example, fried bread (breakfast cereals), potato chips, and any carbohydrate-rich food items cooked at high temperatures (higher than 200°C) (Devi et al, 2014).…”