Protein Array Technology

Abstract

The human genome is sequenced, but only a minority of genes have been assigned a function. Whole-genome expression profiling is an important tool for functional genomic studies. Automated technology allows high-throughput gene activity monitoring by analysis of complex expression patterns, resulting in fingerprints of diseased versus normal or developmentally distinct tissues. Differential gene expression can be most efficiently monitored by DNA hybridization on arrays of oligonucleotides or cDNA clones. Starting from high-density filter membranes, cDNA microarrays have recently been devised in chip format. We have shown that the same cDNA libraries can be used for high-throughput protein expression and antibody screening on high-density filters and microarrays. These libraries connect recombinant proteins to clones identified by DNA hybridization or sequencing, hence creating a direct link between gene catalogs and functional catalogs. Microarrays can now be used to go from an individual clone to a specific gene and its protein product. Clone libraries become amenable to database integration including all steps from DNA sequencing to functional assays of gene products.

Critical Appraisal of Salting-Out and Its Implications for Chemical and Biological Sciences

“…Data obtained from salting-out experiments are also invaluable for the colorimetric assays of free fatty acids and for high-grade purification of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, proteins, − and DNA from fresh − and stored samples, , which is particularly important in forensic science, because most specimens are generally available in very limited amounts. Macromolecules required for research and/or molecular (health and forensic) diagnostic purposes − are commonly isolated using the salting-out principle, which is also invaluable for the routine synthesis of membrane vesicles of different compositions . Such vesicles, which are representative of different pathological conditions, can then be used as models for studying transport systems across biomembranes.…”

Impact of microarray technology in nutrition and food research

“…These immobilized capture probes bind their specific target molecules from out of a complex solution. Today, the detection of immobilized antigens with antibodies is still the most common application [48,49]. The bound target molecules can be attested by different detection methods which, e. g., are based on fluorescence, chemiluminescence or radioactivity.…”

Protein microarray chip with Ni–Co alloy coated surface

“…Tel. : +886 3 2654307; fax: +886 3 2654399. be helpful for prognostication of diseases or new drug discovery (Büssow et al, 2001). An application paradigm in protein microarray chip is the early detection of the disease state by detecting low abundance proteins in biological samples.…”