Protein content and electrophoretic profile of insect galls on susceptible and resistant host plants of Bauhinia brevipes Vogel (Fabaceae)

Detoni, Michelle de Lima; Vasconcelos, Eveline Gomes; Maia, Ana Carolina Ribeiro Gomes; Gusmão, Michélia Antônia do Nascimento; Isaías, Rosy Mary dos Santos; Soares, Geraldo Luiz Gonçalves; Santos, Jean Carlos; Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson

doi:10.1071/bt11104

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Although we did not quantify plant defenses, there is some evidence that carbon-based compounds such as tannins are not abundant and do not vary between sexes in B. dracunculifolia [12] , [48] , but nothing is yet known for B. concinna and B. ramosissima . Furthermore, gall-inducing insects are capable of manipulating chemical composition, growth rates and developmental patterns of the attacked plant organ [19] , [20] , [56] , and are able to overcome chemical and physical defenses regardless of plant gender. Thus, the similarities in gall abundance between male and female individuals in this host genus are likely related to plant vigor and availability of young tissues for gall induction, but leaf nutrients and defenses deserve further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Phenology and Absence of Sex-Biased Gall Attack on Three Species of Baccharis

et al. 2012

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BackgroundDioecy represents a source of variation in plant quality to herbivores due to sexual differences in intensity and timing of resource allocation to growth, defense and reproduction. Male plants have higher growth rates and should be more susceptible to herbivores than females, due to a lower investment in defense and reproduction.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe compared resource investment to growth and reproduction and its consequences to herbivore attack on three Baccharis species along one year (B. dracunculifolia, B. ramosissima, and B. concinna). Phenological patterns presented by the three species of Baccharis were quite different over time, but the number of fourth-level shoots and plant growth rate did not differ between sexes in any studied species. Intersexual difference in reproductive investment was only observed for B. concinna, with female individuals supporting higher inflorescence density than male individuals throughout the year. Gall abundance on the three Baccharis species was not influenced by plant sex. However, all plant traits evaluated here positively influenced the gall abundance on B. concinna, whereas only the number of fourth-level shoots positively influenced gall abundance on B. ramosissima and B. dracunculifolia.Conclusions/SignificanceThe absence of differential reproductive allocation may have contributed to similar growth and shoot production between the sexes, with bottom-up effects resulting in gender similarities in gall abundance patterns. The number of fourth-level shoots, an indicator of meristem availability to herbivores, was the most important driver of the abundance of the galling insects regardless of host plant gender or species. Albeit the absence of intersexual variation in insect gall abundance is uncommon in the literature, the detailed study of the exceptions may bring more light to understand the mechanisms and processes behind such trend.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Phenology and Absence of Sex-Biased Gall Attack on Three Species of Baccharis

et al. 2012

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“…The gall inducers can manipulate the plant metabolism according to their own benefit (Detoni et al 2010). Detoni et al (2011) hypothesised that specific proteins, likely representing different metabolic classes, are associated with the physiological processes determining the host resistance to the gall-insect attack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant development reprogramming by cynipid gall wasp: proteomic analysis

et al. 2017

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An insect-plant interaction induced gall formation is where gall wasps change the plant development towards formation of new units to shield and nourish the evolving larvae. The targets of the insect signals and the mechanism of gall development are unknown. To show the molecular pathways that are responsive to the gall wasp, the proteomic approach was used to compare the gall with non-gall plant tissues. We studied three oak gall species (Cynips quercusfolii, Cynips longiventris, and Neuroterus quercusbaccarum) and the host plant (Quercus robur). Among the 21 identified proteins, 18 increased and three decreased in abundance in gall tissue, in comparison to the leaf tissues. Ten proteins were C. quercusfolii responsive, two only with this gall inducer, while seven increased in abundance. Eleven proteins were C. longiventris responsive, and two only with this gall inducer. Sixteen proteins were associated with gall formation by the N. quercusbaccarum and, in this, eight only with this gall inducer. A similar effect on protein abundance occurred as galls in leaf veins (for five proteins). For leaf blades, such a relation was not found. The role of each protein is discussed according to its involvement in the gall formation. Moreover, S-adenosyl methionine synthase, flavone 3-hydroxylase, stress-and pathogenesis-related proteins, and gamma carbonic anhydrase are associated with developmental regulation of plant tissue into a gall.

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“…Indeed, the resistant plants showed a significantly higher HRI (0.59 ± 0.21; mean ± SD) than the susceptible plants (0.01 ± 0.01) (GLM: χ 2 = 29.084, p < 0.001; Figure 11 ), proving our hypothesis that there are two distinct phenotypes based on induced plant resistance in B. brevipes . Previous studies have also demonstrated that natural populations of B. brevipes exhibit phenotypic responses to induced defense against galling insects [ 43 , 82 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance Mitigates Gall Effects When Susceptible Plants Fail to Elicit Induced Defense

Andrade,

Calixto,

Demetrio

et al. 2024

Plants

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Variations in plant genotypes and phenotypes are expressed in ways that lead to the development of defensive abilities against herbivory. Induced defenses are mechanisms that affect herbivore insect preferences and performance. We evaluated the performance of resistant and susceptible phenotypes of Bauhinia brevipes (Fabaceae) against attacks by the gall-inducing insect Schizomyia macrocapillata (Diptera). We hypothesized that there is a positive relationship between resistance to S. macrocapillata and host plant performance because resistance can have a high adaptive value. We evaluated plant architecture, nutritional leaf quality, leaf fluctuating asymmetry, and reproductive capacity between phenotypes. Plant performance was evaluated at three ontogenetic stages: seed, seedling, and juvenile. Overall, there were no differences in vegetative and reproductive performance or asymmetry between the resistant and susceptible mature plants. We found no relationship between leaf nutritional quality and resistance to S. macrocapillata. Plant performance was consistent across ontogeny for both phenotypes, except for five variables. Contrary to our expectations, the susceptible plants performed equally well or better than the resistant plants, suggesting that tolerance and overcompensation to herbivory in B. brevipes may be mediated by induced defense. Our study highlights the importance of multiple layers of plant defense against herbivory, where plant tolerance acts as a secondary barrier in plants susceptible to gall-inducing insects.

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Protein content and electrophoretic profile of insect galls on susceptible and resistant host plants of Bauhinia brevipes Vogel (Fabaceae)

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Plant Phenology and Absence of Sex-Biased Gall Attack on Three Species of Baccharis

Plant Phenology and Absence of Sex-Biased Gall Attack on Three Species of Baccharis

Plant development reprogramming by cynipid gall wasp: proteomic analysis

Tolerance Mitigates Gall Effects When Susceptible Plants Fail to Elicit Induced Defense

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