Protein degradation kinetics of untreated and treated soybean meal using SDS-PAGE

Sadeghi, Ali Asghar; Nikkhah, Ali; Shawrang, P.; Shahrebabak, M. Moradi

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.05.026

Cited by 37 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For example, minimum value of CP a for ALL is equal to 2% (Table 2) because in the data set soypass samples (a commercially prepared rumen escape soybean product) were included (average CP a = 6%, with minimum and maximum value of 2% and 8%, respectively; descriptive statistics per ingredient not shown). Similar values of CP a for soybean-treated products have been reported in the literature (Harstad and Prestløkken, 2000;Sadeghi et al, 2006). Similarly, minimum value of CP b for ALL is equal to 4% because winter wheat silages were included into the database (average CP b = 6%, with minimum and maximum value of 4% and 7%, respectively; descriptive statistics per ingredient not shown).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Prediction of rumen degradability parameters of a wide range of forages and non-forages by NIRS

Foskolos

Calsamiglia

Chrenková

et al. 2015

Animal

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Kinetics of nutrient degradation in the rumen is an important component of feed evaluation systems for ruminants. The in situ technique is commonly used to obtain such dynamic parameters, but it requires cannulated animals and incubations last several days limiting its application in practice. On the other hand, feed industry relies strongly on NIRS to predict chemical composition of feeds and it has been used to predict nutrient degradability parameters. However, most of these studies were feedstuff specific, predicting degradability parameters of a particular feedstuff or category of feedstuffs, mainly forages or compound feeds and not grains and byproducts. Our objective was to evaluate the potential of NIRS to predict degradability parameters and effective degradation utilizing a wide range of feedstuffs commonly used in ruminant nutrition. A database of 809 feedstuffs was created. Feedstuffs were grouped as forages (FF; n = 256), non-forages (NF; n = 539) and of animal origin (n = 14). In situ degradability data for dry matter (DM; n = 665), CP (n = 682) and NDF (n = 100) were collected. Degradability was described in terms of washable fraction (a), slowly degradable fraction ( b) and its rate of degradation (c). All samples were scanned from 1100 to 2500 nm using an NIRSystems 5000 scanning in reflectance mode. Calibrations were developed for all samples (ALL), FF and NF. Equations were validated with an external validation set of 20% of total samples. NIRS equations to predict the effective degradability and fractions a and b of DM, CP and NDF could be evaluated from being adequate for screening (r 2 > 0.77; ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) = 2.0 to 2.9) to suitable for quantitative purposes (r 2 > 0.84; RPD = 3.1 to 4.7), and some predictions were improved by group separation reducing the standard error of prediction. Similarly, the rate of degradation of CP (CP c ) and DM (DM c ) was predicted for screening purposes (RPD ⩾2 and 2.5 for CP c and DM c , respectively). However, the rate of degradation of NDF was not predicted accurately (NDF c : r 2 < 0.75; RDP < 2).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Prediction of rumen degradability parameters of a wide range of forages and non-forages by NIRS

Foskolos

Calsamiglia

Chrenková

et al. 2015

Animal

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“…The results obtained by other authors when performing SDS‐PAGE of similar proteins were used as a reference to identify the main protein fractions found in the present study; CS (Almaas, Cases, Devold, Holm, Langsrud, Aabakken, Aadnoey & Veragud 2006), FM (Chiou, Yu & Wu 1999), SQM (Valencia‐Pérez, García‐Morales, Cárdenas‐López, Herrera‐Urbina, Rouzaud‐Sández & Ezquerra‐Brauer 2008), SBC (Sadeghi, Nikkhah, Shawrang & Shahrebabak, 2006), PM (Chavan, McKenzie & Shahidi 2001) and CGM (Sadeghi & Shawrang 2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of protein hydrolysis in raw sources by digestive proteases of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis, Kaup 1858) using a combination of an in vitro assay and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of products

Rodrigáñez

Medina

Moyano

et al. 2011

Aquaculture Research

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The hydrolysis of protein in di¡erent animal and plant sources by the intestinal proteases of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) was studied using a combination of an in vitro digestibility assay and the evaluation of the protein fractionation by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In vitro hydrolysis was performed for 90 min in a closed reactor maintained at constant pH and temperature. Samples of the reaction mixture at di¡erent time intervals were developed in SDS-PAGE gels to evaluate the progressive hydrolysis of the di¡erent protein fractions in each protein source. A numerical value [coe⁄cient of protein degradation (CPD)], which integrates the information obtained after image analysis of the gels, is proposed for comparison among proteins, according to the intensity of the hydrolysis produced by sole proteases. Additionally, the total free amino acid released from proteins was measured during the in vitro assay. Casein, squid meal and soybean concentrate (SBC) proteins showed very similar degradation patterns, with a quick and almost complete proteolysis within the ¢rst minutes of the enzymatic reaction. Fish and krill meals were hydrolysed more progressively. On the contrary, pea meal (PM) and corn gluten meal (CGM) showed scarce changes in their protein pro¢le after 90 min of reaction. For animal protein sources, the ¢nal CPD values ranged from 77.6% to 87.0%, showing not signi¢cant di¡erences. By contrast, PM (30.5%) and CGM (32.3%) presented signi¢cantly lower CPD values (Po0.05) as compared with SBC (90.6%). In general, a linear ¢tting was found between CPD and the release of free amino acids during in vitro protein hydrolysis. The present study provides detailed information, which, combined with the conventional in vitro digestibility studies, may help in the evaluation of di¡erent raw sources according to their protein degradation patterns. This information can be applied directly to estimate the protein nutritional quality of ingredients for Senegalese sole feeds.

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“…Thus, it is likely that the observed increase in the analysed concentration of ADF in autoclaved DDGS compared with non-autoclaved DDGS was also a result of this artefact. The concentration of NDF increased from 143.0 g/kg in non-autoclaved SBM to 171 g/kg in SBM autoclaved at 127°C for 10 min (Sadeghi et al, 2006). These observations indicate that the concentration of NDF within a source of SBM may serve as an indicator of heat damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Effects of balancing crystalline amino acids in diets containing heat-damaged soybean meal or distillers dried grains with solubles fed to weanling pigs

Almeida

Htoo

Thomson³

et al. 2014

Animal

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Two experiments were conducted to investigate if adjustments in diet formulations either based on total analysed amino acids or standardized ileal digestible (SID) amino acids may be used to eliminate negative effects of including heat-damaged soybean meal (SBM) or heat-damaged corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets fed to weanling pigs. In Experiment 1, four corn-SBM diets were formulated. Diet 1 contained non-autoclaved SBM (315 g/kg), and this diet was formulated on the basis of analysed amino acid concentrations and using SID values from the AminoDat ® 4.0 database. Diet 2 was similar to Diet 1 in terms of ingredient composition, except that the non-autoclaved SBM was replaced by autoclaved SBM at 1 : 1 (weight basis). Diet 3 was formulated using autoclaved SBM and amino acid inclusions in the diet were adjusted on the basis of analysed total amino acid concentrations in the autoclaved SBM and published SID values for non-autoclaved SBM (AminoDat ® 4.0). Diet 4 also contained autoclaved SBM, but the formulation of this diet was adjusted on the basis of analysed amino acids in the autoclaved SBM and SID values that were adjusted according to the degree of heat damage in this source of SBM. Pigs (160; initial BW: 10.4 kg) were allotted to the four treatments with eight replicate pens per treatment in a randomized complete block design. Diets were fed to pigs for 21 days. The gain to feed ratio (G : F) was greater ( P < 0.05) for pigs fed Diet 1 compared with pigs fed the other diets and pigs fed Diet 4 had greater ( P < 0.05) G : F than pigs fed Diet 2. In Experiment 2, 144 pigs (initial BW: 9.9 kg) were allotted to four diets with eight replicate pens per diet. The four diets contained corn, SBM (85 g/kg) and DDGS (220 g/kg), and were formulated using the concepts described for Experiment 1, except that heat-damaged DDGS, but not heat-damaged SBM, was used in the diets. Pigs fed Diet 1 had greater ( P < 0.05) G : F than pigs fed Diet 2, but no differences were observed for G : F among pigs fed diets containing autoclaved DDGS. Results demonstrate that the negative effects of heat damage of SBM or DDGS may be ameliorated if the reduced concentration and digestibility of amino acids in heat-damaged SBM or DDGS is taken into account in diet formulation. Further research is needed to improve the prediction of the ileal digestibility of amino acids in heat-processed ingredients used in practical diet formulations.

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Protein degradation kinetics of untreated and treated soybean meal using SDS-PAGE

Cited by 37 publications

References 27 publications

Prediction of rumen degradability parameters of a wide range of forages and non-forages by NIRS

Prediction of rumen degradability parameters of a wide range of forages and non-forages by NIRS

Evaluation of protein hydrolysis in raw sources by digestive proteases of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis, Kaup 1858) using a combination of an in vitro assay and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of products

Effects of balancing crystalline amino acids in diets containing heat-damaged soybean meal or distillers dried grains with solubles fed to weanling pigs

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