Protein digestion kinetics in pigs and poultry

Chen, Hsuan

doi:10.18174/423753

Cited by 10 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…However in vivo we can expect additional effects of the digested protein sources, in particular on metabolism. Moreover, the kinetics of protein digestion in the gastrointestinal tract differs substantially among the protein sources, particularly for SBM and SDPP [29]. Analysed by GeneAnalytics; pathway analysis significance using a corrected Pvalue of < 0.05…”

Section: Different Undigested Sources Of Dietary Protein Have Distincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of undigested protein-rich ingredients on polarised small intestinal organoid monolayers

Kar

Hee

Loonen

et al. 2020

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Here, we describe the use of monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells derived from intestinal organoids and transcriptomics to investigate the direct effects of dietary protein sources on epithelial function. Mechanically dissociated 3D organoids of mouse duodenum were used to generate a polarized epithelium containing all cell types found in the tissue of origin. The organoid-derived cell monolayers were exposed to 4% (w/v) of 'undigested (non-hydrolysed)-soluble' fraction of protein sources used as feed ingredients [soybean meal (SBM) and casein], or alternative protein sources (spray dried plasma protein, and yellow meal worm), or controls for 6 h prior to RNA isolation and transcriptomics. All protein sources altered expression of unique biological processes in the epithelial cells. Exposure of intestinal organoids to SBM downregulated expression of retinol and retinoid metabolic processes as well as cholesterol and lipid biosynthetic pathways, consistent with the reported hypotriglyceridaemic effect of soy protein in vivo. These findings support the use of intestinal organoids as models to evaluate complex interactions between dietary ingredients and the intestinal epithelium and highlights some unique host effects of alternative protein sources in animal feed and potentially human food.

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Section: Different Undigested Sources Of Dietary Protein Have Distincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of undigested protein-rich ingredients on polarised small intestinal organoid monolayers

Kar

Hee

Loonen

et al. 2020

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…Low, medium and high S diets consisted of 8, 19 and 31 % of soluble protein and glucose equivalents ðstarch=0 Á 9Þ + reducing sugars ð Þ , respectively. Whereby dietary nutrient solubility was considered as the proportion of nutrients that are soluble when brought in a buffer solution (pH 3-3•5, stomach pH in pigs) (14,15,(19)(20)(21) .…”

Section: Diets and Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing intake of dietary soluble nutrients affects digesta passage rate in the stomach of growing pigs

et al. 2019

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The passage rate of solids and liquids through the gastrointestinal tract differs. Increased dietary nutrient solubility causes nutrients to shift from the solid to the liquid digesta fraction and potentially affect digesta passage kinetics. We quantified: (1) the effect of three levels of dietary nutrient solubility (8, 19 and 31 % of soluble protein and sucrose in the diet) at high feed intake level (S) and (2) the effect of lowv.high feed intake level (F), on digesta passage kinetics in forty male growing pigs. The mean retention time (MRT) of solids and liquids in the stomach and small intestine was assessed using TiO2and Cr-EDTA, respectively. In addition, physicochemical properties of digesta were evaluated. Overall, solids were retained longer than liquids in the stomach (2·0 h,P<0·0001) and stomach+small intestine (1·6 h,P<0·001). When S increased, MRT in stomach decreased by 1·3 h for solids (P=0·01) and 0·7 h for liquids (P=0·002) but only at the highest level of S. When F increased using low-soluble nutrients, MRT in stomach increased by 0·8 h for solids (P=0·041) and 0·7 h for liquids (P=0·0001). Dietary treatments did not affect water-binding capacity and viscosity of digesta. In the stomach of growing pigs, dietary nutrient solubility affects digesta MRT in a non-linear manner, while feed intake level increases digesta MRT depending on dietary nutrient solubility. Results can be used to improve predictions on the kinetics of nutrient passage and thereby of nutrient digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

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“…The digestion and absorption of protein occur primarily in the first half of the small intestine, while poorly digestible proteins entering the small intestine are digested and absorbed throughout the entire small intestine. Chen [ 191 ] reports differences in CP digestibility along the small intestine in pigs. The results suggest that dried plasma protein is highly digestible, since CP digestibility was 59% in the proximal small intestine, as compared to soybean meal, which yielded poor CP digestion (26%) in the proximal small intestine.…”

Section: Post-weaning Nutritional Strategies During the Acute Phasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Nutritional Strategies to Shape the Gastro-Intestinal Tracts of Suckling and Weaned Piglets

Hüting

Middelkoop

Guan

et al. 2021

Animals

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This is a comprehensive review on the use of nutritional strategies to shape the functioning of the gastro-intestinal tract in suckling and weaned piglets. The progressive development of a piglet’s gut and the associated microbiota and immune system offers a unique window of opportunity for supporting gut health through dietary modulation. This is particularly relevant for large litters, for which sow colostrum and milk are insufficient. The authors have therefore proposed the use of supplemental milk and creep feed with a dual purpose. In addition to providing nutrients to piglets, supplemental milk can also serve as a gut modulator in early life by incorporating functional ingredients with potential long-term benefits. To prepare piglets for weaning, it is important to stimulate the intake of solid feed before weaning, in addition to stimulating the number of piglets eating. The use of functional ingredients in creep feed and a transition diet around the time of weaning helps to habituate piglets to solid feed in general, while also preparing the gut for the digestion and fermentation of specific ingredients. In the first days after weaning (i.e., the acute phase), it is important to maintain high levels of feed intake and focus on nutritional strategies that support good gastric (barrier) function and that avoid overloading the impaired digestion and fermentation capacity of the piglets. In the subsequent maturation phase, the ratio of lysine to energy can be increased gradually in order to stimulate piglet growth. This is because the digestive and fermentation capacity of the piglets is more mature at this stage, thus allowing the inclusion of more fermentable fibres. Taken together, the nutritional strategies addressed in this review provide a structured approach to preparing piglets for success during weaning and the period that follows. The implementation of this approach and the insights to be developed through future research can help to achieve some of the most important goals in pig production: reducing piglet mortality, morbidity and antimicrobial use.

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Protein digestion kinetics in pigs and poultry

Cited by 10 publications

References 129 publications

Effects of undigested protein-rich ingredients on polarised small intestinal organoid monolayers

Effects of undigested protein-rich ingredients on polarised small intestinal organoid monolayers

Increasing intake of dietary soluble nutrients affects digesta passage rate in the stomach of growing pigs

Using Nutritional Strategies to Shape the Gastro-Intestinal Tracts of Suckling and Weaned Piglets

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