Protein profiling of metal‐resistantBacillus cereusVITSH1

Abstract

Aims The aim of the study was to investigate the proteomic changes and antioxidant enzyme activity in chromium‐resistant Bacillus cereus VITSH1 in response to heavy metal toxicity. Methods and Results The variation in protein expression and antioxidant enzyme activity in the presence and absence of metal was studied in B. cereus VITSH1. The differentially expressed proteins in chromium‐treated conditions were determined by SDS PAGE. The proteins involved in metal binding, protein biosynthesis, protein folding, energy metabolism and motility were identified by mass spectrometry coupled with bioinformatics search tools. The in gel assays for antioxidant enzymes indicated a change in their activity under metal stress conditions. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that the organism combats metal stress probably by restricting the entry of metal inside the cell. The role of the differentially expressed proteins clearly indicates that the first line of defence is to avoid the entry of metal into the cell either by possessing a modified outer membrane or by moving away from the toxicant. Further work on the identification of other proteins playing a role in resistance would help in integrating the available knowledge on the resistance mechanisms the organisms employ to combat toxicity. Significance and Impact of the Study The proteomic changes in the metal‐exposed bacteria would give an insight into the proteins involved in metal resistance mechanisms and thereby aid in the development of biosensor‐based technology for heavy metal detection.

Chromium binding Bacillus cereus VITSH1—a promising candidate for heavy metal clean up

“…The maximum tolerable concentration of the organism to chromium was 2000 mg l −1 (Matilda et al . 2019) and was used in the present study for all the experiments. An overnight culture of the organism was inoculated in nutrient broth pH 7 ± 0·2 containing 2000 mg l −1 chromium and incubated at 100 rev min −1 at 37°C.…”

“…An earlier study with a chromium‐resistant Bacillus cereus VITSH1 strain was shown to combat metal stress through the expression of proteins with different functions (Matilda et al . 2019), S layer protein is one such protein known to possess metal‐binding property (Pollmann et al . 2006) expressed by B. cereus VITSH1 on exposure to chromium (Matilda et al .…”

“…2006) expressed by B. cereus VITSH1 on exposure to chromium (Matilda et al . 2019). In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to further characterize this chromium resistant B. cereus VITSH1 to understand the additional metal‐binding mechanisms existing in the organism to evade stress by combating metal toxicity.…”

Isolation and Characterization of Heavy Metal-Tolerant Bacterial Isolates from Industrial Effluents in Uttar Pradesh, India

“…The protein profile was studied after extraction of the protein from bacterial culture using PBS buffer and then quantification was carried out using Bradford assay. Further the characterization and identification of proteins was carried out using SDS page and 2D Gel electrophoresis followed by MALDI-TOF-MS [37][38][39].…”

Isolation and genomic characterization of metal-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SRM01 from the marine environment

“…Usually, genome analysis is carried out to identify the mechanisms involved in metal resistance and reveal the genes that play an essential role in driving resistance towards particular metals. Whole-genome sequence analysis led to the discovery of several metal resistance genes in a variety of bacterial strains like Bacillus cereus VITSH1for Chromium resistance [11], Pseudomonas aeruginosa FZ-2 for mercury resistance [12], Rhodobacter sp. for Nickel and Copper resistance, Arthrobacter sp.…”