Protein recovery from biological treatment processes

Nutritive Evaluation of Protein from Anaerobically Digested Poultry Wastes as a Dietary Ingredient Replacer for Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus

“…For instance, Tacon and Cooke (1980) demonstrated that inclusion of nucleic acid above certain levels (8–16% by weight of bacterial protein) has adverse effects in fish. Also, it has been demonstrated that sludge from thermophilic anaerobic digestion could be high in heavy metal concentration depending on the source of the raw materials for the sludge production (Stafford et al 1979).…”

“…PWP was collected from the thermophilic anaerobic digester at West Virginia State University (WVSU) fed broiler litter, processing wastes, feathers, and carcasses. The procedure for recovery of protein was according to Stafford et al (1979). The protein extract was dried at 40 C in a fan convention oven, ground into a fine powder, and analyzed for proximate composition, gross energy, amino acid contents and phosphorus content (AOAC 2002) before diet formulation.…”

“…These are largely organic materials and are convertible to useful resources by micro‐organisms such as bacteria and protozoa, with these organisms themselves being important by‐products. The anaerobic thermophilic digestion process converts organic materials into usable by‐products such as biogas (Safley et al 1987), single cell proteins (microbial biomass) (Stafford et al 1979), feather‐lysate (Shih 1993), and dried digester sludge in the settlement (Steinsberger et al 1987). The digestion by‐product has been successfully used for animal production if utilized either alone or in combination with other feed ingredients (Watson 1985; Prior et al 1986; Chaudhry et al 1993; Paredes et al 1994; Jalil et al 2001).…”

“…In recent years, there have been many attempts to replace the fishmeal component of fish feeds with alternative, unconventional protein sources. Stafford et al (1979) demonstrated the feasibility of extracting proteins from activated sludge using thermophilic anaerobic digestion. They showed that recovered protein from biological treatment processes of poultry wastes had significant biological value when measured by amino acid ratios and compared with more conventional protein feeds.…”

High-yield protein recovery from secondary sludge of paper mill effluent and its characterization

“…The recovered sludge protein had considerable protein content: as high as 71% for the secondary sludge. Stafford et al (1979) employed an extraction process using hot alkali as the solubilizing agent and obtained a yield varying between 30 to 45% of the original sewage sludge on dry weight basis. Protein recovery from poultry processing wastewater using membrane ultrafiltration has been also studied, whereby up to 3.4 times enrichment in protein concentration compared to initial solubilized protein is reported (Lo et al 2005) In our previous study (Pervaiz and Sain 2010), paper mill SS was used for the first time as a resource to extract protein, employing alkali treatment followed by low-pH centrifugation.…”