Protein Requirements in Critically Ill Older Adults

Abstract

Critically ill elderly patients’ nutritional needs are not well understood and vary with the phase of illness and recovery. Patients’ nutritional needs should be assessed early in hospitalization and re-assessed throughout the stay with additional attention during the transitions from critical illness, to severe illness, to post-hospital rehabilitation. In this review, we summarize recent findings and highlight recommendations for protein supplementation in critically ill geriatric patients throughout the stages of recovery. Future research specifically focusing on protein dose, its relationship with caloric needs, and delivery modality must be conducted to provide more specific guidelines for clinical practice.

Metabolites Associated with Vigor to Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Black Men

“…Protein intake in Health ABC did not vary by level of frailty and appeared to be sufficient with an overall average of 0.97 g/kg/day. However, it is possible that this level of intake is insufficient in the frailer men to overcome aging-related anabolic resistance, where the body’s ability to use amino acids to synthesize muscle proteins appears to be altered [19,20,21]. Additionally, or alternatively, the frailer participants may have lower levels of tryptophan, methionine, tyrosine, asparagine, and histidine due to an increased stress response causing conversion of plasma amino acids to glucose [17].…”

Nutritional approach for increasing public health during pandemic of COVID-19: A comprehensive review of antiviral nutrients and nutraceuticals

“…Based on the results of some experimental studies, feeding a low-protein diet, followed by infection with influenza virus was accompanied by decreased number and function of CD8+ T cells as well as NK cells, higher viral titers, and finally, increased mortality of animals. 34 - 36 It should be noticed that older people are at higher risk of protein deficiency 37 - 41 which may make them prone to longer hospitalization due to the infection. 41 Therefore, appropriate protein intake of 1.2 to 1.5 g/kg IBW (15%-20% of calories) with at least 50 percent from high biological value (HBV) proteins is recommended for adults and older people to maintain their respiratory muscle strength and support immune function during infection with COVID-19.…”

“… 34 - 36 It should be noticed that older people are at higher risk of protein deficiency 37 - 41 which may make them prone to longer hospitalization due to the infection. 41 Therefore, appropriate protein intake of 1.2 to 1.5 g/kg IBW (15%-20% of calories) with at least 50 percent from high biological value (HBV) proteins is recommended for adults and older people to maintain their respiratory muscle strength and support immune function during infection with COVID-19. 26 , 27 However, diet should be individually planned, considering other comorbidities of patient.…”

Поддержание Мышечной Массы У Больных Отделения Интенсивной Терапии: От Сути Проблемы К Современным Тенденциям Терапии1

“…В [55]. Показано, что потребности в макронутриентах следует оценивать на ранних эта-пах госпитализации пациентов в критическом состоянии; пересматривать их на протяжении всего пребывания в ОИТ и уделять им дополнительное внимание при переходе к тяжелому состоянию и при последующей постгоспитальной реабилитации.…”