Protein tyrosine nitration in plants: Present knowledge, computational prediction and future perspectives

Zinc-induced root architectural changes of rhizotron-grown B. napus correlate with a differential nitro-oxidative response

“…In contrast, 500 ppm Zn treatment resulted in a generally increased tyrosine nitration in the lower molecule weight zone ( Fig 4A, same bands as in control roots, black arrows), and also a newly nitrated protein band appeared (approximately 25 kDa) ( Fig 4A). The existence of a basal nitration state of the protein pool is observed in many species (reviewed in Kolbert et al 2017), and previous studies also found that Zn induces increased tyrosine nitration in the roots of B. napus (Feigl et al 2015(Feigl et al , 2016. The pattern and rate of tyrosine nitration however is different in the present study compared to the previous results, possibly because of the different experimental setup (hydroponics vs soil filled rhizotron) and applied Zn concentrations.…”

“…Protein tyrosine nitration, a posttranslational modification is observed to participate in many physiological and stress-related processes (Kolbert et al 2017) and proved to be a suitable biomarker in case of Zn-stressed Brassica species in hydroponics (Feigl et al 2015(Feigl et al , 2016.…”

Selenite-induced nitro-oxidative stress processes in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica juncea

“…Similarly, basal tyrosine nitration in case of control sunflower, pea and pepper plants have earlier been reported (Chaki et al, 2009;Begara-Morales et al, 2013;Chaki et al, 2015). Based on the mostly negative impact of nitration on protein activity (reviewed by Kolbert et al, 2017), physiological tyrosine nitroproteome of healthy plants can be considered as an inactive part of the endogenous protein pool. Moreover, protein pool of the control root system seems to be more affected by tyrosine nitration compared to the shoot (Lehotai et al, 2016a) especially in Arabidopsis plants.…”

“…Posttranslational modification of proteins caused by tyrosine nitration is becoming a useful marker of nitrosative processes in plant systems (Corpas et al, 2013). Nitration of certain tyrosine amino acids occurs in two steps resulting in the formation of 3-nitrotyrosine which induces alterations in protein structure and function and through the prevention of tyrosine phosphorylation it may influence signal transduction as well (reviewed by Kolbert et al, 2017).…”

Assessing Nitric Oxide (NO) in Higher Plants: An Outline

“…In the case of proteins, the most studied modification involves nitro-tyrosine, although there are other amino acids susceptible to be nitrated, including tryptophan, cysteine, and methionine [18,19]. Accordingly, this nitro group can cause a gain of function, loss of function, or no effect in the targeted protein, the most usual one being the loss of function.…”