Proteome analysis of prostate cancer

Abstract

In this paper, we briefly review cancer proteomics in general, with particular attention to our proteome analyses of prostate cancer. Our efforts include development of new tools and novel approaches to discovering proteins potentially useful as cancer diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers or as therapeutic targets. To this end, we analyzed prostate cancer proteomes using twodimensional gel electrophoresis employing agarose gels for the initial isoelectric focusing step (agarose 2-DE), with mass spectrometry used for protein identification. Agarose 2-DE offers advantages over the more widely used immobilized pH gradient 2-DE for separating high molecular mass proteins (15-500 kDa), thereby increasing its power to detect changes in the cancer's high-molecular mass proteomes.

High expression of HSP47 in ulcerative colitis-associated carcinomas: proteomic approach

“…Ulcerative colitisassociated carcinomas are often difficult to detect endoscopically and to discriminate from inflammatory regenerative epithelium (Sada et al, 2004;Fujii et al, 2008); hence, a molecular marker is urgently required. Recently, proteomics for large-scale studies of gene expression at the protein level have been viewed as a promising experimental approach to explore the control of biological processes and pathways (Lawrie et al, 2001;Dundas et al, 2005;Kuruma et al, 2005). In this study, using UC-associated cancer cell lines and sporadic colorectal cancer cell lines established by our group (Yamashita et al, 2004), we sought to determine proteins expressed differently between the two cell lines, using proteomics methods.…”

Disease proteomics of high-molecular-mass proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with agarose gels in the first dimension (Agarose 2-DE)

“…We believe that these discrepancies were due to the following: it was reported that the correlation between mRNA and protein levels was insufficient for reliably predicting protein expression levels from quantitative mRNA data [48,49]. Consequently, this proteomic approach may also have the capability of finding biomarkers that are different than those found by genomic approach [13]. The discrepancies might be attributed to the low sensitivity of our methods for protein detection with Coomassie Blue staining.…”

“…In a comprehensive cancer proteome study using agarose 2-DE, the HMM region of the gel is rich in proteins of particular gene/protein expression groups. Examples include transcription factors, DNA or RNA binding proteins, and ribosomal proteins [13].…”

Recent advances in capillary electrophoresis for biomarker discovery

“…Several modern analytical techniques for screening of biomarkers in tissues and biological fluids are utilized which include gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry [7][8][9][10][11][12], HPLC coupled or not to MS [13][14][15][16], two dimensional gel electrophoresis [17][18][19][20], Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) [21,22], surfaceenhanced (assisted) laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (SELDI-MS) [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], material enhanced laser desorption/ionization [27][28][29], and nuclear magnetic resonance [30][31][32]. Several review articles have been published covering applications of the above mentioned methods [33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”