Proteomic analysis of human vitreous humor

Abstract

BackgroundThe vitreous humor is a transparent, gelatinous mass whose main constituent is water. It plays an important role in providing metabolic nutrient requirements of the lens, coordinating eye growth and providing support to the retina. It is in close proximity to the retina and reflects many of the changes occurring in this tissue. The biochemical changes occurring in the vitreous could provide a better understanding about the pathophysiological processes that occur in vitreoretinopathy. In this study, we investigated the proteome of normal human vitreous humor using high resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry.ResultsThe vitreous humor was subjected to multiple fractionation techniques followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. We identified 1,205 proteins, 682 of which have not been described previously in the vitreous humor. Most proteins were localized to the extracellular space (24%), cytoplasm (20%) or plasma membrane (14%). Classification based on molecular function showed that 27% had catalytic activity, 10% structural activity, 10% binding activity, 4% cell and 4% transporter activity. Categorization for biological processes showed 28% participate in metabolism, 20% in cell communication and 13% in cell growth. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD000957.ConclusionThis large catalog of vitreous proteins should facilitate biomedical research into pathological conditions of the eye including diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment and cataract.

Identification of unique proteins in vitreous fluid of patients with noninfectious uveitis

“…However, the low concentration of protein in vitreous fluid (0.5 mg/mL) and limited amount of fluid availability make the task of observing the changes in protein profile of vitreous fluid challenging Mahajan & Skeie 2014;Skeie et al 2015). In addition, proteome analysis divulges the normal physiological changes occurring in the eyes and the understanding molecular function of the vitreous (Murthy et al 2014;Skeie et al 2015). In addition, proteome analysis divulges the normal physiological changes occurring in the eyes and the understanding molecular function of the vitreous (Murthy et al 2014;Skeie et al 2015).…”

Proteomic Analysis of Embryonic and Young Human Vitreous

“…25 A recent high-resolution Fourier transform study of the normal human vitreous proteome identified 1205 proteins, 682 (57%) of which had not been previously described in vitreous. 26 The study reported herein identified 1217 vitreous proteins, 744 (61%) of which had not been previously reported in either of the aforementioned studies (Fig. 4).…”

“…A more recent study identified 1205 proteins in normal human vitreous, 682 of which were previously unreported. 26 To date, proteomic studies of human embryonic vitreous have not been undertaken. The rationale to do so is that protein expression during this period of embryogenesis may be related to the significant structural changes occurring during this stage of vitreous development.…”

Application of lipid nanoparticles to ocular drug delivery

“…Scleral collagen has wider fibrils and a much more interwoven structure than the cornea. Sclera maintains IOP and serves as the attachment site for the extraocular muscles, which maintain eye shape during ocular movement [14,15] The retina and the lens surround the vitreous, in which is located the vitreous humor, a transparent gelatinous fluid necessary to let the light reach the retina and to maintain the shape of the eye [16].…”