Proteomic Analysis of Leaves and Roots of Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Copper-Stress Conditions

Abstract

Proteomic studies were performed to identify the protein species involved in copper (Cu) stress responses in common wheat. Two-week-old wheat seedlings were exposed to 100 μM CuSO4 treatment for 3 days. Growth of shoots and roots was markedly inhibited and lipid peroxidation was greatly increased. Cu was readily absorbed by wheat seedlings, with greater Cu contents in roots than in leaves. Using 2-DE method, 98 protein spots showed significantly enhanced or reduced abundance, of which 93 were successfully identified. Of these identified protein species, 49 and 44 were found in roots and leaves, respectively. Abundance of most of identified protein species, which function in signal transduction, stress defense, and energy production, was significantly enhanced, while that of many protein species involved in carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, and photosynthesis was severely reduced. The Cu-responsive protein interaction network revealed 36 key proteins, most of which may be regulated by abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, jasmonic acid (JA), and so on. Exogenous JA application showed a protective effect against Cu stress and significantly increased transcripts of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanisms of Cu responses in higher plants.

Leaf proteome characterization in the context of physiological and morphological changes in response to copper stress in sorghum

“…Recently, copper has been frequently considered a deleterious heavy metal associated with different types of morphological, physiological (Adrees et al 2015) and proteomic alterations due to its toxic effects and molecular tolerance in plants (Chen et al 2015;Li et al 2013).…”

“…Proteins from the leaves were extracted using the trichloroacetic acid (TCA)/acetone method as previously described (Li et al 2013) with minor modifications. For two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), three biological replicates were performed with two technical replicates each.…”

“…Using this approach, a number of studies have recently been conducted to identify Cu-responsive proteins in several plants and algal species (Ahsan et al 2007;Bona et al 2007;Chen et al 2015;Cuypers et al 2005;Ritter et al 2010;Song et al 2013Song et al , 2014Zhang et al 2009). More specifically, leaf proteome alterations in response to Cu have been investigated in the leaves of rice (Hajduch et al 2001;Rakwal et al 1999), the leaves and roots of wheat (Li et al 2013), Elsholtzia splendens (Li et al 2009), birch (Utriainen et al 1998), and the seedlings of Arabidopsis (Smith et al 2004).…”

Identification of Winter-Responsive Proteins in Bread Wheat Using Proteomics Analysis and Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS)

“…Proteins from leaves were extracted using the trichloroacetic acid (TCA)/acetone method (14). Leaf samples of 500 -700 mg were pulverized in liquid nitrogen with a mortar and pestle.…”

“…The study of gene expression at the transcriptome level of many plants, such as Arabidopsis, tomato, barley, wheat, and rice (5)(6)(7)(8)(9), have significantly contributed to our understanding of cold tolerance mechanisms and the accumulation of cold-responsive genes (10). However, protein levels are often poorly correlated with their corresponding mRNA profiles (11,12) because of the regulation of gene expression at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and posttranslational levels (13,14). Therefore, as a global study of the proteins that comprise the proteome, proteomics can play an important role in addressing plant responses to environmental changes (15).…”