Proteomic analysis of swine serum following highly virulent classical swine fever virus infection

Abstract

BackgroundClassical swine fever virus (CSFV) belongs to the genus Pestivirus within the family Flaviviridae. Virulent strains of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) cause severe disease in pigs characterized by immunosuppression, thrombocytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation, which causes significant economic losses to the pig industry worldwide.MethodsTo reveal proteomic changes in swine serum during the acute stage of lethal CSFV infection, 5 of 10 pigs were inoculated with the virulent CSFV Shimen strain, the remainder serving as uninfected controls. A serum sample was taken at 3 days post-infection from each swine, at a stage when there were no clinical symptoms other than increased rectal temperatures (≥40°C). The samples were treated to remove serum albumin and immunoglobulin (IgG), and then subjected to two-dimension differential gel electrophoresis.ResultsQuantitative intensity analysis revealed 17 protein spots showing at least 1.5-fold quantitative alteration in expression. Ten spots were successfully identified by MALDI-TOF MS or LTQ MS. Expression of 4 proteins was increased and 6 decreased in CSFV-infected pigs. Functions of these proteins included blood coagulation, anti-inflammatory activity and angiogenesis.ConclusionThese proteins with altered expression may have important implications in the pathogenesis of classical swine fever and provide a clue for identification of biomarkers for classical swine fever early diagnosis.

Discovery and Characterization of Potential Prognostic Biomarkers for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

“…The Hx and Tf require further analysis to determine why our data differed from other researchers. 17,28,29 After further characterization of Vtn, Hx, and Tf, we may find that a combination of biomarkers has the greatest utility as a prognostic test for severe dengue as noted by other researchers. 7 Vitronectin is a multifunctional glycoprotein that circulates in the blood, usually as an inactive monomer, until it is recruited to regulate coagulation and platelet aggregation.…”

Current Approaches on Viral Infection: Proteomics and Functional Validations

“…Tandem affinity purification based MS approach Protein-protein interactions Jorba et al (2008), Mayer et al (2005), Mayer et al (2007) Co-immunoprecipitation based MS approach Binding partners of target protein Moresco et al (2010), Noisakran et al (2008) HLA peptidome scanning chip based MS approach Searching for disease related peptides or differently expressed proteins after virus infection Herberts et al (2003), Wahl et al (2010) Isotope coded affinity tag (ICAT) Mapping differently expressed proteins in host proteome upon virus infection Yan et al (2004), Booy et al (2005) Isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) Zhang et al (2009), Chen et al (2008) Stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) Dreger et al (2009), Hammond et al (2010) Difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) Pastorino et al (2009), Sun et al (2011a) Cross-linking based MS approach Investigating protein-nucleotides binding sites Deval et al (2007), Bhardwaj et al (2008) Hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) based MS approach etc. Conformational dynamics of host or viral proteins Lisal et al (2005), Monroe et al (2010) bridges.…”

Serum Proteome Changes in Dengue Virus-Infected Patients from a Dengue-Endemic Area of India: Towards New Molecular Targets?

“…Since a range of serum proteins exhibit rapid alterations in expression patterns in response to disease condition and direct correlation with disease progression, investigation of pathogen-induced alterations of the human serum proteome has been found to be effective for understanding disease pathogenesis, host immune response, and for the identification of potential disease-related markers in different parasitic, bacterial, and viral infectious diseases, including falciparum and vivax malaria (Kassa et al, 2011;Ray et al, 2012a), leptospirosis , severe acute respiratory syndrome (Chen et al, 2004), and swine fever virus infection (Sun et al, 2011). Although over the last decade several omics-based studies have been conducted to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with disease pathogenesis and the host immune response in dengue virus infections (Albuquerque et al, 2009;Thayan et al, 2009), the overall pathobiology of this disease remains largely unexplored.…”