Proteomic and metabolomic analysis of Nicotiana benthamiana under dark stress

Abstract

Exposure to extended periods of darkness is a common source of abiotic stress that significantly affects plant growth and development. To understand how Nicotiana benthamiana responds to dark stress, the proteomes and metabolomes of leaves treated with darkness were studied. In total, 5763 proteins and 165 primary metabolites were identified following dark treatment. Additionally, the expression of autophagy-related gene (ATG) proteins was transiently upregulated. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to find the protein modules associated with the response to dark stress. A total of four coexpression modules were obtained. The results indicated that heat-shock protein (HSP70), SnRK1-interacting protein 1, 2A phosphatase-associated protein of 46 kDa (Tap46), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) might play crucial roles in N. benthamiana's response to dark stress. Furthermore, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and top-degreed proteins were predicted to identify potential key factors in the response to dark stress. These proteins include isopropylmalate isomerase (IPMI), eukaryotic elongation factor 5A (ELF5A), and ribosomal protein 5A (RPS5A). Finally, metabolic analysis suggested that some amino acids and sugars were involved in the dark-responsive pathways. Thus, these results provide a new avenue for understanding the defensive mechanism against dark stress at the protein and metabolic levels in N. benthamiana.The direct effect of illumination on plants is to carry out photosynthesis, so that organic material could be produced for plants to store energy. Illumination can also be used as a signal factor to regulate plant growth and development, including all stages of plant growth [1]. Lack of illumination is likely to lead to

Differential Participation of Plant Ribosomal Proteins from the Small Ribosomal Subunit in Protein Translation under Stress

“…Interestingly, previous studies have reported that RPSaA, RPS5A, and RPS24A have roles in the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated systemic signaling. RPS5A may play an important role in dark treatment by participating in the autophagy regulatory process, which is triggered to degrade excessive ROS to help protect cells [90]. Then, it was shown that RPSaA and RPS24A had lower degradation rates and were more stable after oxidative stress [91].…”

“…In Arabidopsis, RPS27B has been said to act as a regulator of transcript stability in response to genotoxic treatments via the degradation of damaged RNAs [39]. Recent data have shown that mutations in RPS27B influence the integrity of ribosomes in both structure and function [90].…”