Proteomics and metabolomics of raw rhubarb and wine-processed rhubarb in the treatment of rats with intracerebral hemorrhage

Abstract

Background: To explore the mechanisms of raw rhubarb and wine-processed rhubarb treatment in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods: After adapting to their environment, 30 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 treatment groups: blank control group (CK) (normal saline), sham operation group (SICH) (normal saline), ICH model group (ICH) (normal saline), ICH + raw rhubarb enema group (RO) (raw rhubarb 3.60 g/kg), and ICH + wineprocessed rhubarb enema group (WRO) (wine-processed rhubarb 3.60 g/kg). The rhubarb enema (once a day) was given since 3 days before ICH treatment, and was consistently given until 12 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, and 7 days post operation. Serum oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were detected by ELISA, and differences between raw rhubarb and wine-processed rhubarb treatment in ICH rats were screened by proteomics and metabolomics.Results: Both rhubarb treatments effectively improved oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. After ICH, the proteins and metabolites in the brain tissue were significantly altered. Compared with raw rhubarb, wine-processed rhubarb had a better protective effect by dysregulating amino acid metabolism in the ICH model. Conclusions:Our study provides a basis for further research into the mechanisms of rhubarb treatment from different processing technologies, and promotes the application of rhubarb as a therapeutic approach to ICH.

Chrysophanol Ameliorates Hemin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Regulating MicroRNA-320-5p/Wnt3a Pathway in HT22 Cells

“…Chae et al showed that CHR alleviated hippocampal neuronal cell death via inhibition of Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission [60]. In addition, our previous studies proved that rhubarb treatments effectively protected nerve cell damage by increasing of the antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory responses in rat with ICH [61], and studies have shown that CHR is the most abundant- free anthraquinone component in the rhubarb [12]. Therefore, we hypothesized that CHR extracted from rhubarb has a protective effect on ICH following brain injury.…”

Metabolomics as a potential tool for monitoring patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

“…In animal models, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is quite hard to simulate so that it could correspond to the SAH occurring in humans. The main cause of SAH in humans is the rupture of an aneurysm, while the rodent models of SAH are defined as non-aneurysmal ( 22 ). In an attempt to do so, several techniques are performed, such as injection of blood into the subarachnoid space/cerebral ventricles or by endovascular perforation of a subarachnoid vessel.…”

“…It is believed that an adequate method that models the pathophysiology in humans most closely is the intraluminal Circle of Willis perforation injury at the internal carotid artery bifurcation ( 23 ). Nonetheless, other models such as blood (homologous or heterologous) injection into pre-chiasmatic cistern ( Figure 2C ) and cisterna magna ( Figure 2D ) compromising anterior and posterior blood supply, respectively, are frequently used ( 22 ). Apart from the standard physiological parameters affected by SAH, which could be tracked in animal experiments (e.g., blood pressure, oxygen tension, cerebral perfusion pressure, etc.…”

“…Apart from the standard physiological parameters affected by SAH, which could be tracked in animal experiments (e.g., blood pressure, oxygen tension, cerebral perfusion pressure, etc. ), contemporary studies are focused on finding specific metabolic products for SAH ( 22 ).…”

A UPLC-Q-TOF-MS-Based Metabolomics Approach to Screen out Active Components in Prepared Rhubarb for Its Activity on Noxious Heat Blood Stasis Syndrome

“…Because of the lowered purgative effect, the application of prepared rhubarb became much safer than raw rhubarb. So, prepared rhubarb was recorded in the list of “Functional Food Raw Materials” of China and could be given to children and old people for the treatment of diseases related to abnormal hemorheology in clinics ( Wang et al, 2003 ; Wang et al, 2020 ; Zhao, 2020 ).…”