Proton pump inhibitors and risk of dementia

Abstract

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most commonly prescribed medications. Recent studies have raised a concern over increased risk of dementia among PPIs users but the results of those studies were inconsistent. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize all available data.Methods: A literature search was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE database from inception to April 2016.Observational studies that reported risk of dementia among PPIs users compared with non-users were included.Point estimates were extracted from individual studies and pooled risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method.Results: Four studies were included in the analysis. Pooled RR of dementia among PPIs users compared with non-users was 1.08 (95% CI, 0.82-1.43). Sensitivity analysis including only cohort studies demonstrated a higher risk with pooled RR of 1.44 (95% CI, 1.36-1.52). Conclusions:Our study demonstrated an increased risk of dementia among PPIs users. Whether this association is causal requires further investigations.

Proton Pump Inhibitors and the Risk of Dementia: Is There a Link?

“…This was the same conclusion as other large studies [3]. However, recently, Gray et al [4] reported that PPI use is not associated with dementia risk, even for people with high cumulative exposure in a prospective population-based study.…”

“…Over the past decade, the use of PPIs in society is increasing, especially in the elderly, as they are generally regarded as safe medications with very few adverse effects. There is a well-recognized epidemiological link between PPIs and the increased risk of dementia [2, 3]. However, many studies have reported that PPIs are not associated with a greater risk of dementia or AD [4, 5].…”

Hydroalcoholic extract from Baccharis dracunculifolia recovers the gastric ulcerated tissue, and p‐coumaric acid is a pivotal bioactive compound to this action

“…Those therapeutic options are effective; however, when the patients remain under daily stress, poor diet, alcohol abuse and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs consumption, smoking habit, and persistent infection by H. pylori , the ulcer recurrence is very frequent . Therefore, to avoid this problem, many patients use antisecretory drugs continuously, mainly PPIs, which lead to the side effects related to these drugs, including neoplastic lesions , osteoporosis , or increased risk of dementia . Thereby, the development of new or adjuvant antiulcer drugs, most effective and with less adverse effects, is necessary.…”

Association between the Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults

“…Studies have found the biological feasibility of the association between PPI use and cognitive impairment in murine models. This may have implications for human beings, as has been observed in developed countries where research has been conducted on PPIs and their positive association with cognitive impairment, as shown in this study in the Latin American context, where information on the subject is limited (6,9).…”