Prozessintensivierung in der Misch‐ und Reaktionstechnik

Himmelsbach, Werner; Keller, Wolfgang; Gezork, Klaus; Krebs, Rainer

doi:10.1002/cite.200700034

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…Several organic reactions have been performed recently as solid/solid phase reactions, which avoid the use of solvents 85–88. However, their so‐called process‐intensity is low,89 meaning that the reaction conditions require long performance times and upscaling may be difficult. It would also be difficult to control the temperature for exothermic reactions, such as the bromination of alkenes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophilic Bromination of Alkenes: Environmental, Health and Safety Aspects of New Alternative Methods

Eissen

Lenoir

2008

Chemistry A European J

106

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More than twenty new alternative methods for bromination of alkenes have been evaluated taking into consideration their resource demands, waste production as well as environmental, health and safety aspects. The cost of bromine and the substances designated to circumvent the application of molecular bromine have also been taken into account. As bromine is only one of several problematic substances being used, its avoidance-by applying bromine supported on solid material or by performing the in situ generation of bromine-does not significantly reduce the technological requirements. On the contrary, the resource demands and amount of waste produced by most new methods are significantly higher compared to the standard methods, especially if the recycling of a carrying agent is not efficient. The method using hydrobromic acid and hydrogen peroxide can be regarded as a competitive alternative to the standard method. The application of certain carrying agents could be interesting, because solvents such as carbon tetrachloride or chloroform used during synthesis could be replaced with less problematic ones during work-up. However, problems associated with these alternatives are not resolved as yet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%