Pseudoboehmite as a drug delivery system for acyclovir

Abstract

Herpes simplex virus is among the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections. Acyclovir is a potent, selective inhibitor of herpes viruses and it is indicated for the treatment and management of recurrent cold sores on the lips and face, genital herpes, among other diseases. The problem of the oral bioavailability of acyclovir is limited because of the low permeability across the gastrointestinal membrane. The use of nanoparticles of pseudoboehmite as a drug delivery system in vitro assays is a promising approach to further the permeability of acyclovir release. Here we report the synthesis of high purity pseudoboehmite from aluminium nitrate and ammonium hydroxide containing nanoparticles, using the sol–gel method, as a drug delivery system to improve the systemic bioavailability of acyclovir. The presence of pseudoboehmite nanoparticles were verified by infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques. In vivo tests were performed with Wistar rats to compare the release of acyclovir, with and without the addition of pseudoboehmite. The administration of acyclovir with the addition of pseudoboehmite increased the drug content by 4.6 times in the plasma of Wistar rats after 4 h administration. We determined that the toxicity of pseudoboehmite is low up to 10 mg/mL, in gel and the dried pseudoboehmite nanoparticles.

Development and Fabrication of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Electroanalytical Sensor for the Determination of Acyclovir

“…Because of its excellent specificity and minimal cytotoxicity, it is seen as the start of an entirely new phase in antiviral therapy . As the initial course of action and preventive therapy for herpes simplex virus infections, varicella-zoster, Epstein–Barr, herpes zoster, and acute herpetic keratitis viruses, ACV is the gold standard medication that doctors recommend. ,, Because of low solubility in water, rapid half-life (3 h), low absorption through the skin, and limited oral bioavailability (15–30%), to obtain the required therapeutic effect, patients receive standard dosage forms of ACV frequently (5–6 times daily) as well as in substantial amounts (200–800 mg) . In addition to causing nausea and diarrhea, high doses of ACV in humans can have other possibly dangerous adverse effects, like acute kidney disease .…”

Novel Adducts of Acyclovir with 2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid: Synthesis and Structural, Theoretical, and Spectroscopic Analyses

“…Anhydrous forms I and II are stable under ambient conditions, while forms III, IV, and VII are high-temperature forms. – ACV also forms hydrates in a 3:2 ratio (form V, commercially available) and in a 1:2 ratio (dihydrate, form VI). ,, The acetic acid solvate (3:1) described by Sohn & Kim should also be mentioned . Different techniques for improving the physicochemical properties of ACV have been described in the literature, i.e., inclusion complex formation, amorphization, nanoemulsion or solid foam preparation, solid dispersion synthesis, or the use of nanoparticles as a drug delivery system . However, the most commonly used method is a pharmaceutical cocrystal or salt formation with a suitably selected substance called a coformer.…”

“…12 Different techniques for improving the physicochemical properties of ACV have been described in the literature, i.e., inclusion complex formation, 13 amorphization, 14 nanoemulsion 15 or solid foam preparation, 16 solid dispersion synthesis, 7 or the use of nanoparticles as a drug delivery system. 17 However, the most commonly used method is a pharmaceut- ical cocrystal or salt formation with a suitably selected substance called a coformer. The summary of the multicomponent systems containing ACV obtained so far, the methods of their preparation, and the influence on specific physicochemical properties is presented in Table S1.…”

Electrospun Hybrid Films for Fast and Convenient Delivery of Active Herb Extracts

“…During the past half a century, polymers have acted as a backbone role to support the fast developments of pharmaceutics [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], particularly the dosage forms for drug delivery [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The numbers in which natural and synthetic polymers are introduced into this interdisciplinary field is always increasing [17][18][19][20].…”