Pseudomonas 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) Deaminase and Its Role in Beneficial Plant-Microbe Interactions

Abstract

The expression of the enzyme 1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, and the consequent modulation of plant ACC and ethylene concentrations, is one of the most important features of plant-associated bacteria. By decreasing plant ACC and ethylene concentrations, ACC deaminase-producing bacteria can overcome some of the deleterious effects of inhibitory levels of ACC and ethylene in various aspects of plant-microbe interactions, as well as plant growth and development (especially under stressful conditions). As a result, the acdS gene, encoding ACC deaminase, is often prevalent and positively selected in the microbiome of plants. Several members of the genus Pseudomonas are widely prevalent in the microbiome of plants worldwide. Due to its adaptation to a plant-associated lifestyle many Pseudomonas strains are of great interest for the development of novel sustainable agricultural and biotechnological solutions, especially those presenting ACC deaminase activity. This manuscript discusses several aspects of ACC deaminase and its role in the increased plant growth promotion, plant protection against abiotic and biotic stress and promotion of the rhizobial nodulation process by Pseudomonas. Knowledge regarding the properties and actions of ACC deaminase-producing Pseudomonas is key for a better understanding of plant-microbe interactions and the selection of highly effective strains for various applications in agriculture and biotechnology.

The 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase-producing Streptomyces violaceoruber UAE1 can provide protection from sudden decline syndrome on date palm

“…Similar to our results, Al Hamad et al (2021) have demonstrated that the ACCD-producing Streptomyces griseorubens UAE2 had augmentative BCA effects on royal poinciana plants inoculated with N. dimidiatum compared to S. wuyuanensis UAE1 that did not have ACCD activity. This supports previously published studies reporting that plants inoculated with BCAs possessing ACCD activity can make the plant more resistant to environmental stresses (Wang et al, 2000;El-Tarabily et al, 2019Mathew et al, 2020;Glick and Nascimento, 2021;Jiménez-Mejía et al, 2022) treated with the ACCD-producing Methylobacterium spp. significantly reduced wilt symptoms of Ralstonia solanacearum and lowered the ET emission (Yim et al, 2013).…”

“…In the current study, ten (five from each SA and NSA) isolates with multiple modes of action were in vitro active against F. solani (Table 1), confirming the importance of actinobacteria as potential BCAs against plant pathogens (Saeed et al, 2017a;Kamil et al, 2018;. It has been reported that inoculation of plants with ACCD-producing microorganisms can ameliorate the effect of environmental (biotic and abiotic) stresses in plants (Glick, 2014;Al Hamad et al, 2021;Glick and Nascimento, 2021;Jiménez-Mejía et al, 2022). In our study, the enzymatic activities of ACCD in these isolates were also measured.…”

“…Plant-emitted ethylene (ET), as a stress hormone, has received a considerable attention in the role it plays in resistance/tolerance to biotic/abiotic stresses at low concentrations. This can be achieved via the hydrolysis of ACC (the immediate precursor of ET) by the enzyme ACCD (Glick and Nascimento, 2021). It is widely reported that ACCD can degrade ACC to ammonia and α-ketobutyrate, thus reducing the level of ET in planta (Glick, 2014;Raghuwanshi and Prasad, 2018;Glick and Nascimento, 2021).…”

“…This can be achieved via the hydrolysis of ACC (the immediate precursor of ET) by the enzyme ACCD (Glick and Nascimento, 2021). It is widely reported that ACCD can degrade ACC to ammonia and α-ketobutyrate, thus reducing the level of ET in planta (Glick, 2014;Raghuwanshi and Prasad, 2018;Glick and Nascimento, 2021). Along with its biocontrol properties, S. violaceoruber UAE1 had additive effects of the suppression of SDS on seedlings in the greenhouse pot experiments.…”

Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas sp. Strain RGM 3321, a Phyllosphere Endophyte from Fragaria chiloensis subsp. chiloensis f. patagonica

“…BLAST searches were performed using SequenceServer v2.0.0 ( 11 ). Strain RGM 3321 harbors one copy of a gene for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase ( acdS ), which is involved in the degradation of ACC, a precursor of ethylene in plants ( 12 , 13 ). The strain contains genes for a quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase ( gcd ) and the pyrroloquinoline quinone ( pqq ) operon ( 14 ), suggesting a mechanism for phosphate solubilization in soil via gluconic acid synthesis ( 15 , 16 ).…”