Psychiatric comorbidity in childhood onset immune‐mediated diseases—A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

Aim To estimate psychiatric comorbidity in childhood onset immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID). Methods The PRISMA guidelines were followed, and the protocol was registered at Prospero (ID: CRD42021233890). Literature was searched in PubMed, PsycINFO and Embase. Original papers on prevalence rates of diagnosed psychiatric disorders and/or suicide in paediatric onset inflammatory bowel disease (pIBD), rheumatic diseases (RD) and autoimmune liver diseases were selected. Pooled prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders (grouped according to ICD‐10 criteria) within the various IMID were calculated using random‐effects meta‐analysis. Risk of bias was evaluated by the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale. Results Twenty‐three studies were included; 13 describing psychiatric disorders in pIBD and 10 in RD. Anxiety and mood disorders were mostly investigated with pooled prevalence rates in pIBD of 6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 4%–9%) and 4% (95%CI: 2%–8%), respectively, in register‐based studies, and 33% (95%CI: 25%–41%) and 18% (95%CI: 12%–26%), respectively, in studies using psychiatric assessment. In RD, rates were 13% (95%CI: 12%–15%) for anxiety disorders and 20% (95%CI: 15%–26%) for mood disorders based on psychiatric assessment. Conclusion Anxiety and depression are commonly reported in childhood onset IMID. Physicians should be attentive to mental health problems in these patients as they seem overlooked.

Psychische Gesundheit bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit rheumatischen Erkrankungen

“…Eine Meta-Analyse zu psychiatrischen Komorbiditäten bei Patienten mit einer bereits in der Kindheit diagnostizierten immunvermittelten Erkrankung zeigte für rheumatische Erkrankungen auf Basis psychiatrischer Tests eine Prävalenz von Angststörungen von 13 % (95 %-Konfidenz-Intervall: 12–15 %) und bezüglich Depressionen von 20 % (95 %-Konfidenz-Intervall: 15–26 %, 6 ). Die eingeschlossenen Studien unterschieden sich hinsichtlich verschiedener Parameter, wie Alters- und Geschlechtsverteilung sowie Krankheitsdauer, sodass der Blick auf einzelne Arbeiten, die zum Teil auch Ergebnisse einer Kontrollgruppe berichteten, ein differenzierteres Bild ermöglicht:…”

Risk perception, well-being, depression and anxiety in children and adolescents with rheumatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic - results from the prospective multicenter KICK-COVID study in Germany

“…A meta-analysis of psychiatric comorbidities in patients with an immune-mediated disease diagnosed in childhood [ 30 ] revealed a prevalence of anxiety disorders of 13% (95% confidence interval: 12–15%) and of depression of 20% (95% confidence interval: 15–26%) for rheumatic diseases based on ICD-10 code or psychiatrist assessment. However, the included pre-pandemic studies differed considerably with regard to various parameters such as age and gender distribution as well as type and duration of illness.…”

Microbes and Mental Illness: Past, Present, and Future

“…While acknowledging that there are many non-infectious contributors associated with mental illness, this article specifically focuses upon the infectious contributors. The infectious and/or non-infectious contributors may then provoke immune activity that can result in the impairment of adaptive mechanisms, resulting in disease progression [139,[317][318][319][320][321][322][323][324][325] (Figure 1). It explains how disease occurs from the perspective of evolution.…”