Psychological aspects of diabetes care: Effecting behavioral change in patients

Chew, Boon How; Sazlina, Shariff-Ghazali; Fernandez, Aaron

doi:10.4239/wjd.v5.i6.796

Cited by 109 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…In fact, these factors are often considered complications of diabetes and result in poorer diabetes outcomes (59,60). Diabetes-related distress (see definition in Table 1) is particularly common, with prevalence rates of 18% to 35% and an 18-month incidence of 38% to 48% (61).…”

Section: Diabetes-related Complications and Other Factors Influencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Self-management Education and Support in Type 2 Diabetes: A Joint Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association, the American Association of Diabetes Educators, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

et al. 2015

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Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires a person with diabetes to make a multitude of daily self-management decisions and to perform complex care activities. Diabetes self-management education and support (DSME/S) provides the foundation to help people with diabetes to navigate these decisions and activities and has been shown to improve health outcomes (1-7). Diabetes self-management education (DSME) is the process of facilitating the knowledge, skill, and ability necessary for diabetes self-care. Diabetes self-management support (DSMS) refers to the support that is required for implementing and sustaining coping skills and behaviors needed to self-manage on an ongoing basis. (See further definitions in Table 1.) Although different members of the health care team and community can contribute to this process, it is important for health care providers and their practice settings to have the resources and a systematic referral process to ensure that patients with type 2 diabetes receive both DSME and DSMS in a consistent manner. The initial DSME is typically provided by a health professional, whereas ongoing support can be provided by personnel within a practice and a variety of community-based resources. DSME/S programs are designed to address the patient's health beliefs, cultural needs, current knowledge, physical limitations, emotional concerns, family support, financial status, medical history, health literacy, numeracy, and other factors that influence each person's ability to meet the challenges of self-management.It is the position of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) that all individuals with diabetes receive DSME/S at diagnosis and as needed thereafter (8). This position statement focuses on the particular needs of individuals with type 2 diabetes. The needs will be similar to those of people with other types of diabetes (type 1 diabetes, prediabetes, and gestational diabetes mellitus); however, the research and examples referred to in this article focus on type 2 diabetes. The goals of the position statement are ultimately to improve the patient experience of care and education, to improve the health of individuals and populations, and to reduce diabetes-associated per capita health care costs (9). The use of the diabetes education algorithm presented in this position statement defines when, what, and how DSME/S should be provided for adults with type 2 diabetes.

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Section: Diabetes-related Complications and Other Factors Influencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Self-management Education and Support in Type 2 Diabetes: A Joint Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association, the American Association of Diabetes Educators, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

et al. 2015

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“…It has a negative impact on individuals, affecting all spheres of life and reducing their quality of life [7,8]. The psychosocial [9] and psychological [10,11] problems associated with diabetes, as well as the burden of disease and the lifestyle restrictions of diabetic patients are widely addressed in the literature [12]. For these reasons, individuals with DM need ongoing professional support and specific training to minimize complications and improve their well-being [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life using the EQ-5D-3L in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cardoso¹

2016

JDMDC

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The daily experience with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has significant adverse effects on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). HRQoL assessment is essential for measuring the impact of the disease on the patient and selecting individualized strategies. Generic measures for assessing HRQoL are very useful because, unlike specific measurement instruments, they allow for the comparison with other instruments. The EQ-5D-3L is a generic measure and it describes HRQoL in five dimensions; mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression, with three levels each. In Portugal, studies using the EQ-5D-3L as a generic measure to assess HRQoL in diabetic patients are scarce.Objective: To assess HRQoL in individuals with T2DM using the Portuguese version of the EQ-5D-3L.Methodology: An accidental sample of patients with T2DM (n=437) was selected at Family Health Units and healthcare centers in Coimbra, Portugal, between January 2013 and January 2014. The EQ-5D-3L was applied in interviews. The EQ-5D-3L score was calculated based on the answers to the five dimensions and the value system for the Portuguese population.Results: In this sample, 100% of the participants answered the EQ-5D-3L. The HRQoL score was 0.6772 in the EQ-5D-3L and 64.85 in the EQ-VAS. The most frequent answers to the five dimensions were no problems or some problems. The mean score of the EQ-5D-3L was significantly associated with age, male gender, high level of education, having an occupation, practicing physical activity, being single and having been diagnosed with T2DM for less time. The Cronbach alpha's value was 0.674, confirming an acceptable internal consistency. Conclusion:HRQoL levels in individuals with T2DM are lower than the national average and vary depending on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The EQ-5D-3L is a reliable instrument that can be used to assess the quality of life of diabetic patients and contribute to assess the patients' overall health status, adding data from the subjective dimension of self-care management.

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“…[7] It is widely known that patients with DM are at high risk of decreased psychological well-being due to strained coping with changed life routine right from the time of diagnosis of DM which is already presence in about half of the patients at the time of diagnosis. [8] Diabetes-related distress refers to the emotional burden that may be an aspect of managing a chronic illness and can be found in both those with diabetes and their caregivers. [9] Anxiety disorders are common and most frequent among all other psychiatric disorders.…”

Section: International Journal Of Medical Science and Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of long-term glycemic control glycosylated hemoglobin and its correlation with psychological variables in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in an urban community setting

Mankeshwar¹,

Nanaware²

2017

Int J Med Sci Public Health

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INTRODUCTIONDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by disorder in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids either as a result of decreased insulin secretion or due to reduction to insulin sensitivity of the body cells, it is a disease that acquires epidemic form as Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and their families may respond to the diagnosis, treatment, or complications of the disease with a variety of feelings, such as guilt anxiety depression or stress. The presence of diabetes changes one's life and creates demand of treatment. Not only emotions directly affect glycemia; emotional stress may disrupt the individual's eating habits, exercise programs, and daily routine, thereby altering daily diabetes management and impairing glycemic control. Existing literature suggests that depression may be more strongly related with glycemic control. Frustration to achieve good glycemic control could lead to depression. In addition, diabetes often serves as a focus for other problems and conflicts in life; in turn, diabetes may be influenced by these life stresses. Objectives: To assess long-term glycemic control (past three months) by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 DM patients in an urban community setting. To study association between psychological variables (anxiety, depression, and stress) and HbA1c. Materials and Methods: It is a community-based cross-sectional study. 183 study subjects selected from urban community who were already diagnosed of type 2 DM with active treatment for more than 6 months. Stress, depression, and anxiety were the psychological factors evaluated individually in each study subjects using standard questionnaire. HbA1c was done by standardized high pressure liquid chromatography technique. Results: Out of 183 study subjects, 140 (i.e., 76.5%) subjects have fair glycemic control and 40 (23.5%) have poor glycemic control. 140 subjects (76.5%) have an anxiety scale reading of <14 and 43 subjects (23.5%) have a reading of more than or equal to 14. Out of 183 subjects, 47 subjects (25.7%) are depressed (mild, moderate, or severe categories). 136 subjects (74.3%) do not suffer from depression. 134 subjects (73.2%) have low susceptibility to stress related illness and 49 subjects (26.8%) have medium susceptibility to stress related illness. All the psychological variables, i.e., anxiety (χ 2 = 32.655, P < 0.0001), depression (χ 2 = 40.549, P < 0.0001), and stress (χ 2 = 17.049, P < 0.0001) were found to very highly significantly associated with poor glycemic control. Conclusion: The study shows that there is a strong association between psychological variables and poor glycemic control.

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Psychological aspects of diabetes care: Effecting behavioral change in patients

Cited by 109 publications

References 140 publications

Diabetes Self-management Education and Support in Type 2 Diabetes: A Joint Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association, the American Association of Diabetes Educators, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Diabetes Self-management Education and Support in Type 2 Diabetes: A Joint Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association, the American Association of Diabetes Educators, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life using the EQ-5D-3L in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Assessment of long-term glycemic control glycosylated hemoglobin and its correlation with psychological variables in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in an urban community setting

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