Psychological correlates of blood pressure.

Four areas in Detroit were selected by factor analysis of all census tracts as varying widely in socio-ecological stressor conditions. High Stress areas were marked by rates of low socio-economic status, high crime, high density, high residential mobility, and high rates of marital breakup; Low Stress areas showed the converse conditions. All areas were racially segregated. The sample in each area provided about 125 married males, living with spouse, aged 25-60, with relatives in the city. Blood pressure levels were highest among Black High Stress males and showed no difference among Black Low Stress and White areas. Suppressed Hostility (keeping anger in when attacked and feeling guilt if one's anger is displayed when attacked) was related to high blood pressure levels and percent hypertensive for Black High Stress and White Low Stress males; Black Low Stress men with high pressures were associated with anger in but denying guilt. White High Stress high readings were most associated with guilt after anger. For Blacks, skin color was related positively to blood pressure and High Stress males had darker skin color than Black middle class males. Black High Stress men with dark skin color and suppressed hostility had the highest average blood pressure of all four race-area groups.

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“…Refs. 4,5). This report presents new evidence collected on Black and White married males residing in High and Low Stress areas in Detroit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Socio-Ecological Stress, Suppressed Hostility, Skin Color, and Black-White Male Blood Pressure: Detroit

Harburg

Erfurt

Hauenstein

et al. 1973

Psychosomatic Medicine

Self Cite

378

177

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“…Earlier work had shown 14 that the family unit is affected when there is chronic illness in one of the children. In the present study, a similar finding has been extended to families in which a parent has a chronic illness, specifically, essential hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral response to induced conflict in families with a hypertensive father.

Baer¹,

Vincent²,

Williams³

et al. 1980

Hypertension

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“…The use of these measures is justified on the basis of earlier research indicating a positive relationship between exposure to environmental demands and elevated levels of physiological arousal (cf. Forsyth, 1974;Gutmann & Benson, 1971;McGinn, Harburg, Julius, & McLeod, 1964;Rule & Nesdale, 1976).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic congestion, Type A behavior, and stress.

Stokols¹,

Novaco²,

Stokols³

et al. 1978

Journal of Applied Psychology

163

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A quasi-experimental study was conducted to assess the effects of routine exposure to traffic congestion on the mood, physiology, and task performance of automobile commuters. Traffic congestion was conceptualized as an environmental stressor that impedes one's movement between two or more points. Sixty-one male and 39 female industrial employees were assigned to low-, medium-, or high-impedance groups on the basis of the distance and duration of their commute and were classified as either Type A or Type B on a measure of coronary-prone behavior. As expected, subjective reports of traffic congestion and annoyance were greater among high-and medium-impedance commuters than among low-impedance individuals. Also, commuting distance, commuting time, travel speed, and number of months enroute were significantly correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Contrary to prediction, mediumimpedance As and high-impedance Bs exhibited the highest levels of systolic blood pressure and the lowest levels of frustration tolerance among all experimental groups. The results were discussed in terms of the degree of congruity between commuters' expectancies and experiences of travel constraints.

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Psychological correlates of blood pressure.

Cited by 48 publications

References 62 publications

Socio-Ecological Stress, Suppressed Hostility, Skin Color, and Black-White Male Blood Pressure: Detroit

Socio-Ecological Stress, Suppressed Hostility, Skin Color, and Black-White Male Blood Pressure: Detroit

Behavioral response to induced conflict in families with a hypertensive father.

Traffic congestion, Type A behavior, and stress.

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