Purpose
Head and neck cancer (HNC) caregivers have poorer psychological health compared to patients and the general population, but have not yet been targeted for wellness programs to reduce adverse psychosocial or physical health outcomes. To inform development of such programs, we identified potential vulnerabilities to poor outcomes and examined wellness program preferences among HNC caregivers. We also examined whether interest in wellness programs varied by potential vulnerabilities among HNC caregivers.
Methods
Surveys were administered to caregivers (N = 33) of HNC patients undergoing major surgery. Sociodemographic factors, caregiving characteristics, psychosocial functioning, and health behavior data were collected. Fisher's exact tests and t-tests were used to examine characteristics associated with interest in the different types of wellness programs.
Results
Many caregivers reported a heavy caregiving load (88% live with patient; 73% provide daily care), a smoking history (42%), and compromised psychosocial functioning (45% with depressive symptoms; 33% with anxiety above population norms). Most caregivers were interested in wellness programs focused on diet/exercise (71.9%), cancer education (66.7%), stress reduction (63.6%), and finances, caregiving, and well-being (57.6%). Caregivers endorsed highest interest in programs offered during the patient's medical treatment (63.6%) and mail was the preferred program format (50.0%). Those with more depressive symptoms reported more interest in programs focused on cancer education (p = .03), stress reduction (p = .05), and educational classes on finances, caregiving and well-being (p = .01).
Conclusions
Wellness programs offering a menu of options should be developed for HNC caregivers.