Psychological resources, positive illusions, and health.

Taylor, Shelley E.; Kemeny, Margaret E.; Reed, Geoffrey M.; Bower, Julienne E.; Gruenewald, Tara L.

doi:10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.99

Cited by 928 publications

(721 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Observa que pessoas que tendem a explicar eventos negativos como externos à sua pessoa ("não é minha culpa"), instáveis ("não acontecerá novamente") e específicos ("isso se aplica apenas a esse evento") geralmente têm melhor humor, mais motivação, mais perseverança, além de alcançarem maior sucesso e experimentarem melhores condições de saúde física. Taylor et al (2000) realizaram um estudo que concluiu que ter crenças otimistas acerca do futuro pode proteger contra o agravamento de determinadas doenças. De fato, esses resultados mostram que pacientes portadores de Aids que se mantêm otimistas (mesmo que contra os dados de realidade) sobrevivem mais tempo do que os que têm uma visão mais objetiva e realista em relação à sua saúde.…”

Section: Otimismo E Resiliênciaunclassified

Felicidade: uma revisão

Ferraz¹,

Tavares

Zilberman

2007

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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ResumoContexto: A felicidade é uma emoção básica caracterizada por um estado emocional positivo, com sentimentos de bem-estar e de prazer, associados à percepção de sucesso e à compreensão coerente e lúcida do mundo. Nos últimos anos, diversos pesquisadores têm se preocupado em desvendar as relações entre felicidade e saúde mental. Objetivo: Revisar criticamente a literatura científica que aborda o tema da felicidade, assim como as suas contribuições para a saúde mental e a psiquiatria. Métodos: Revisão sistemática da literatura por meio do indexador MedLine, utilizando-se dos unitermos: happiness, mental health, well-being, positive psychology, resilience, optimism, gratitude, quality of life, positive emotions, personality. Resultados: Variáveis como origem, saúdes física e mental, religiosidade e determinadas características psicológicas se associam positivamente à felicidade. Não há evidências de que idade, gênero, estado civil, poder aquisitivo nem ocorrência de eventos externos (favoráveis ou não) se associem significativamente à felicidade. Conclusão: A felicidade é um fenômeno predominantemente subjetivo, estando subordinada mais a traços psicológicos e socioculturais do que a fatores externamente determinados. A identificação desses fatores é particularmente útil na subpopulação que é mais predisposta a doenças mentais, favorecendo o desenvolvimento de abordagens preventivas, com potencial repercussão nas áreas social e ocupacional.Ferraz, R.B. et al. / Rev. Psiq. Clín 34(5); 234-242, 2007 Palavras-chave: Felicidade, bem-estar, emoções positivas, saúde mental, psiquiatria. AbstractBackground: Happiness is a basic emotion characterized by a positive emotional state, with feelings of well-being and pleasure, associated with a perception of sucess and a coherent and lucid comprehension of the world. Recently, several researchers have been involved in the elucidation of the relationship between happiness and mental health. Objective: Critically review the scientific literature concerning the topic happiness and its contributions to mental health and to psychiatry. Methods: Systematic review of the literature through the MedLine database, using the uniterms: happiness, mental health, well-being, positive psychology, resilience, optimism, gratitude, quality of life, positive emotions and personality. Results: Variables such as origin, physical and mental health, religiosity and certain psychological characteristics are positively associated with happiness. There is no evidence suggesting that age, gender, marital status, wealthiness or the occurrence of external factors (favorable or not) significantly associate with happiness. Conclusion: Happiness is a predominantly subjective phenomenon, subordinated to psychological and socio-cultural traits much more than to external factors. The identification of these factors is particularly useful when applied to subjects that are more predisposed to mental disorders, favoring the development of prevention approaches, which have potential repercussion in the social...

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Section: Otimismo E Resiliênciaunclassified

Felicidade: uma revisão

Ferraz¹,

Tavares

Zilberman

2007

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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“…Previous studies have established positive relations between optimism and physical and mental health outcomes (Segerstrom et al, 1998;Taylor et al, 2000;Rasmussen et al, 2009). For example, Segerstrom et al (1998) found that dispositional and situational optimism was related to more positive mood ratings and more positive immune parameters in college students.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of a best-possible-self mental imagery exercise on mood and dysfunctional attitudes

Renner

Schwarz

Peters

et al. 2014

Psychiatry Research

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a b s t r a c tDispositional optimism has been related to positive physical and mental health outcomes, increased positive mood ratings and cognitions about the future. In order to determine the causal relation between optimism and mood and cognitions optimism should be manipulated experimentally. The current study tested the effects of a best-possible-self mental imagery exercise on affect and mood ratings and dysfunctional cognitions following a sad mood induction in undergraduate students (N ¼40). Participants in the experimental condition wrote about their best possible self in the future for 15 min and engaged in a mental imagery task about their best possible self in the future for 5 min in order to experimentally induce optimism. Participants in the control condition wrote about a typical day for 15 min and engaged in mental imagery about a typical day for 5 min. We assessed affect, mood and dysfunctional cognitions before and after the experimental manipulation. Participants in the experimental condition had higher positive mood ratings and higher positive affect compared to participants in the control condition. Participants in the control condition reported decreased dysfunctional cognitions whereas dysfunctional cognitions in the experimental group remained unchanged. Future studies should replicate these findings in clinical groups with more profound levels of negative affect and dysfunctional cognitions.

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“…The view that positive beliefs and emotions are somehow less important or impactful than negative ones has limited the scientific attention given to them, but this view is changing in light of evidence regarding the effects of positive states on problemsolving, social behavior, immune function, and health (see Aspinwall and Staudinger, 1 Fredrickson, 35 Isen, 36 Salovey et al, 37 and Taylor et al 38 for reviews).…”

Section: Assumption 4 Positive Beliefs and Emotions Are Pleasant Bumentioning

confidence: 99%

Taking positive changes seriously

Aspinwall

MacNamara

2005

Cancer

109

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It is a common finding that 30 -90% of people experiencing serious illness and other forms of adversity report increased quality of life and other positive life changes after their experience, yet there is still considerable disagreement among scientists and practitioners about whether such changes are real or beneficial. The current article identified four pervasive assumptions about positive emotions and beliefs that may limit progress in understanding and promoting resilience among survivors of cancer, namely, that positive beliefs and emotions are absent, dangerous, delusional, or trivial among people managing life-threatening illnesses. A review of evidence on each of these points suggested instead that positive emotions and beliefs seem not only to be associated with good outcomes among people experiencing adversity, but also to play a role in realizing them. Implications for the study of positive beliefs, emotions, and life changes among survivors of cancer and for interventions to promote mental and physical health were discussed.

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Psychological resources, positive illusions, and health.

Cited by 928 publications

References 57 publications

Felicidade: uma revisão

Felicidade: uma revisão

Effects of a best-possible-self mental imagery exercise on mood and dysfunctional attitudes

Taking positive changes seriously

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