Psychological stress exacerbates NSAID-induced small bowel injury by inducing changes in intestinal microbiota and permeability via glucocorticoid receptor signaling

Abstract

This study demonstrated a relationship between NSAID enteropathy and psychological stress, and showed the utility of studying the intestinal microbiota in order to elucidate the pathophysiology of NSAID enteropathy. It also showed the impact of stress on the intestinal microbiota and the mucosal barrier in gastrointestinal diseases.

Collapse of the Microbiome, Emergence of the Pathobiome, and the Immunopathology of Sepsis

“…While our group was the first to show that that stress-induced intestinal permeability defects are dependent on the presence and phenotype of intestinal microbiota (46, 47), and is now confirmed by others (48), the community structure and phenotype of the intestinal microbiota that initiate and drive the permeability defect remain unknown.…”

Uric acid ameliorates indomethacin‐induced enteropathy in mice through its antioxidant activity

“…The removed small intestine was opened along the anti‐mesenteric attachment. The blue‐stained depressed areas were determined to be areas of ulceration, measured, and summed per small intestine, as previously described . An ileum tissue segment (length, 2 cm; taken at 10 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve) was removed from each mouse, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin.…”

“…The blue-stained depressed areas were determined to be areas of ulceration, measured, and summed per small intestine, as previously described. 22,25 An ileum tissue segment (length, 2 cm; taken at 10 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve) was removed from each mouse, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The villous height and crypt depth in the ileum were measured, and the average of the calculated ratio of crypt depth to villous height was determined to evaluate intestinal damage for each mouse.…”

Кишечный Микробиом И Остеоартрит

“…В інших експериментальних роботах показано відсутність ерозивно-виразкових змін у тонкій кишці у безмікробних (germ-free) щурів та гризунів, які отримували антибіотики, що забезпечують стерилізацію кишечника [20]. Варто зазначити, що при стресі стимуляція глюкокортикоїдних рецепторів призводить до зміни кишкової проникності, збільшення вмісту грамнегативної мікрофлори та наростання пошкоджуючого впливу НПЗП на слизову оболонку тонкої кишки [21]. Однак через різний склад кишкового мікробіому у щурів і людини не можна механічно переносити дані, отримані на гризунах, на людей, у клінічну практику.…”