Psychological studies of marijuana and alcohol in man

Jones, Reese T.; Stone, George C.

doi:10.1007/bf00402390

Cited by 155 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Although no other advantage of users over non-users was found on any of several other measures, neither was there any tendency for the users to demonstrate poorer performance than the non-users after either cannabis or alcohol. These results were consistent with those from previous studies that failed to control for levels of alcohol use between groups (MacAvoy and Marks 1975) or lacked other appropriate controls (Jones and Stone 1970). Therefore, long-term cannabis use, and/or residual effects from last use, do not appear to enhance a person's susceptibility to the detrimental effects of alcohol.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…As stated, MacAvoy (1975, 1989) showed that experienced cannabis users were more efficient than non-users at detecting peripheral signals on a divided attention task after alcohol. Jones and Stone (1970) also reported that alcohol's effects appeared to be diminished among a group of heavy cannabis users. Consistently, in rodents, tolerance to ∆ 9 -THC has been shown to confer tolerance to the acute effects of alcohol (Newman et al 1972;Sprague and Craigmill 1976;Siemens and Doyle 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Modulation of the effects of alcohol on driving-related psychomotor skills by chronic exposure to cannabis

Wright

Terry

2002

Psychopharmacology

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For psychomotor skills relevant to driving, chronic cannabis use (in the absence of acute administration) does not potentiate the effects of alcohol. In fact, the superior tracking accuracy of regular users relative to infrequent users after alcohol, and their lower scores for dizziness, suggest that chronic cannabis use may instead confer cross-tolerance to specific effects of alcohol on behaviour.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Modulation of the effects of alcohol on driving-related psychomotor skills by chronic exposure to cannabis

Wright

Terry

2002

Psychopharmacology

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“…Even at low doses, drivers under the influence of alcohol tend to underestimate the degree to which they are impaired (MacDonald et al 2008;Marczinski et al 2008;Robbe and O'Hanlon 1993;Sewell et al 2009), drive at faster speeds, and take more risks (Burian et al 2002;Ronen et al 2008;Sewell et al 2009). When used in conjunction with marijuana, alcohol appears to have an "additive or even multiplicative" effect on driving-related functions (Sewell et al 2009, p. 186), although chronic marijuana users may be less impaired by alcohol than infrequent users (Jones and Stone 1970;Marks and MacAvoy 1989;Wright and Terry 2002). …”

Section: Studies On Substance Use and Drivingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Marijuana Laws, Traffic Fatalities, and Alcohol Consumption

Anderson

Hansen²,

Rees

2013

The Journal of Law and Economics

353

401

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To date, 17 states have passed medical marijuana laws, yet very little is known about their effects. The current study examines the relationship between the legalization of medical marijuana and traffic fatalities, the leading cause of death among Americans ages 5 through 34. The first full year after coming into effect, legalization is associated with an 8 to 11 percent decrease in traffic fatalities. The impact of legalization on traffic fatalities involving alcohol is larger and estimated with more precision than its impact on traffic fatalities that do not involve alcohol. Legalization is also associated with sharp decreases in the price of marijuana and alcohol consumption, a pattern of results consistent with the hypothesis that marijuana and alcohol are substitutes. Because alternative mechanisms cannot be ruled out, the negative relationship between legalization and alcohol-related traffic fatalities does not necessarily imply that driving under the influence of marijuana is safer than driving under the influence of alcohol.

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“…One of us (R.J.) was responsible for obtaining, maintaining, preparing, assaying, and dispenri ig the marijuana which was grown at the U.S. Government research center in Mississippi. The placebo was prepared locally by a method described by Jones and Stone (1970).…”

Section: General Experimental Mfthodsmentioning

confidence: 99%