Psychometric analysis of the Ten-Item Perceived Stress Scale.

Abstract

Although the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) is a popular measure, a review of the literature reveals 3 significant gaps: (a) There is some debate as to whether a 1- or a 2-factor model best describes the relationships among the PSS-10 items, (b) little information is available on the performance of the items on the scale, and (c) it is unclear whether PSS-10 scores are subject to gender bias. These gaps were addressed in this study using a sample of 1,236 adults from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States II. Based on self-identification, participants were 56.31% female, 77% White, 17.31% Black and/or African American, and the average age was 54.48 years (SD = 11.69). Findings from an ordinal confirmatory factor analysis suggested the relationships among the items are best described by an oblique 2-factor model. Item analysis using the graded response model provided no evidence of item misfit and indicated both subscales have a wide estimation range. Although t tests revealed a significant difference between the means of males and females on the Perceived Helplessness Subscale (t = 4.001, df = 1234, p < .001), measurement invariance tests suggest that PSS-10 scores may not be substantially affected by gender bias. Overall, the findings suggest that inferences made using PSS-10 scores are valid. However, this study calls into question inferences where the multidimensionality of the PSS-10 is ignored.

Perceived stress as a risk factor for dyspepsia: a register-based cohort study

“…This measurement tool has been validated and is often used as an instrument to estimate everyday life stress [31]. Because the outcome measure for dyspepsia is based on collected prescriptions, it cannot be confirmed that they actually had dyspepsia, but it is likely that they had symptoms because a physician prescribed the drug.…”

“…The PSS-10 consisted of 10 items on predictability, controllability, and life overload, as perceived by the individual during the last month [31,32]. Each question had five possible answers scaled from never to very often.…”

The Relationship between Perceived Stress Scale and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Using Ultrasonography in University Students

“…The questionnaire for the study was designed by Taylor JM, in precedent research on "Psychometric analysis of the Ten-Item Perceived Stress Scale" [7]. The subject was Scores ranging from 0∼13 would be considered low stress (2 stage), scores ranging from 14∼26 would be considered moderate stress (3 stage), and scores ranging from 27∼40…”

Pranayama Meditation (Yoga Breathing) for Stress Relief: Is it Beneficial for Teachers?

“…The internal consistency of the PSS has been established, and the test-retest reliability of the PSS is identified as six weeks with few studies confirming test-retest timeframes (Lee, 2012). The PSS has been recommended as a tool for identifying individuals at risk of developing psychiatric conditions, and the 10-item scale is the most frequently used version of the PSS in educational and psychology research (Taylor, 2014).…”