Psychometric Properties of the Dissociative Subtype of PTSD Scale: Replication and Extension in a Clinical Sample of Trauma-Exposed Veterans

Guetta, Rachel E.; Wilcox, Elizabeth; Stoop, Tawni B.; Maniates, Hannah; Ryabchenko, Karen A.; Wolf, Erika J.

doi:10.1016/j.beth.2019.02.003

Cited by 14 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…During data extraction, several rules were followed to ensure consistency between studies. Articles such as Eidhof et al (2019), Guetta et al (2019) and Zoet et al (2018) used multiple measures for the assessment of PTSD; however, in these cases the Clinician Administered PTSD scale (CAPS) was prioritised as it is regarded as the gold standard for assessing PTSD (Weathers et al, 2004). Other studies assessed multiple populations (Hansen, Műllerová, Elklit, & Armour, 2016b;Kenny, Helpingstine, Long, & Harrington, 2020;Wolf et al, 2012b) or used multiple analyses (Choi et al, 2017(Choi et al, , 2019Hansen, Hyland, Armour, & Andersen, 2019), and therefore these were treated separately in this review as individual samples.…”

Section: Screening Data Extraction Coding and Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of the dissociative subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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The dissociative subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD-DS) was introduced in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), and is characterised by symptoms of either depersonalisation or derealisation, in addition to a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to estimate the point prevalence of current PTSD-DS, and the extent to which method of assessment, demographic and trauma variables moderate this estimate, across different methods of prevalence estimation. Studies included were identified by searching MEDLINE (EBSCO), PsycInfo, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete and PTSDpubs, yielding 49 studies that met the inclusion criteria (N = 8214 participants). A random-effects meta-analysis estimated the prevalence of PTSD-DS as 38.1% (95% CI 31.5–45.0%) across all samples, 45.5% (95% CI 37.7–53.4%) across all diagnosis-based and clinical cut-off samples, 22.8% (95% CI 14.8–32.0%) across all latent class analysis (LCA) and latent profile analysis (LPA) samples and 48.1% (95% CI 35.0–61.3%) across samples which strictly used the DSM-5 PTSD criteria; all as a proportion of those already with a diagnosis of PTSD. All results were characterised by high levels of heterogeneity, limiting generalisability. Moderator analyses mostly failed to identify sources of heterogeneity. PTSD-DS was more prevalent in children compared to adults, and in diagnosis-based and clinical cut-off samples compared to LCA and LPA samples. Risk of bias was not significantly related to prevalence estimates. The implications of these results are discussed further.

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Section: Screening Data Extraction Coding and Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of the dissociative subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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“…As expected, the DSPS (with the exception of the amnesia subscale) showed high correlations with other dissociation measures, moderate to high correlations with PTSD measures, and moderate correlations with absorption, suggesting good convergent and discriminant validity. Lastly, latent profile analyses supported the scale´s ability to detect a latent D-PTSD group with high PTSD and high dissociative symptoms (Guetta et al, 2019;Wolf et al, 2017), and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses pointed to ≥2 (interview version)/ ≥ 4 (self-report version) endorsed current derealization/depersonalization items indicating current D-PTSD latent profile membership (Guetta et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, the psychometric properties of the DSPS have been evaluated in two studies with trauma-exposed veterans with and without current PTSD symptoms (Guetta et al, 2019;Wolf et al, 2017). Wolf et al (2017) validated lifetime scores, whereas Guetta et al (2019) validated current scores. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a three-factor structure including (1) derealization/depersonalization, (2) loss of awareness, and (3) psychogenic amnesia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychometric Properties of the Dissociative Subtype of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale: Replication and Extension in Two German-Speaking Samples

Danböck¹,

Hettegger²,

Anders³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: The fifth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) introduced the dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder (D-PTSD). To assess this subtype, Wolf et al. (2017) developed the Dissociative Subtype of PTSD Scale (DSPS), a 15-item self-report measure to identify lifetime and current dissociative symptoms of D-PTSD. However, so far, the scale has only been validated in war veterans. Moreover, criterion validity and diagnostic utility have not been examined yet. Objective: We aimed to validate the DSPS in two samples of civilian trauma-exposed German-speaking participants.Methods: In Study 1, a pre-registered online study, participants with and without PTSD symptoms (N=558) answered questionnaires about traumatic experiences, dissociation, PTSD, depression, generalized anxiety disorder, somatic symptom disorder, alcohol use disorder, absorption, and dissociative responding to trauma-related questionnaires. In Study 2, which used secondary data of a pre-registered clinical study, participants with a PTSD diagnosis (N=71) answered questionnaires about traumatic experiences, dissociation, PTSD, depression, generalized anxiety disorder, somatic symptom disorder, and dissociative responding to standardized trauma exposure. Moreover, PTSD, D-PTSD, and other diagnoses were assessed with structured clinical interviews. Results: Analyses confirmed a three-factor structure as well as high internal consistency, and high convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity of the DSPS. Moreover, the scale was able to identify a latent D-PTSD group and individuals with D-PTSD diagnosis. Conclusions: The DSPS constitutes a reliable and valid tool to assess D-PTSD symptoms in clinical practice and research and thereby may contribute to a better understanding of these debilitating symptoms.

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“…These studies have encompassed a range of populations including male and female Veterans (Wolf, Lunney, et al, 2012; Wolf, Miller, et al, 2012), adolescents (Choi et al, 2017), sexual abuse survivors (Armour, Elklit, et al, 2014), community samples (Műllerová et al, 2016), college students (Blevins et al, 2014), as well as globally distributed cohorts (Armour, Elklit, et al, 2014; Armour, Karstoft, et al, 2014; Ross et al, 2018; see also: Kim et al, 2019 1 ; Stein et al, 2013 2 ). Collectively, this body of research suggests that individuals with the subtype tend to report more sexual trauma (Frewen et al, 2015; Gidzgier et al, 2019; Guetta et al, 2019; Wolf, Miller, et al, 2012) and have a higher prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities (Armour, Elklit, et al, 2014; Gidzgier et al, 2019; Kim et al, 2019; Wolf, Lunney, et al, 2012).…”

Section: Functional Connectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological and genetic correlates of the dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Wolf¹,

Hawn²,

Sullivan³

et al. 2023

Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Sci

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Approximately 10%–30% of individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibit a dissociative subtype of the condition defined by symptoms of depersonalization and derealization. This study examined the psychometric evidence for the dissociative subtype of PTSD in a sample of young, primarily male post-9/11-era Veterans (n = 374 at baseline and n = 163 at follow-up) and evaluated its biological correlates with respect to resting state functional connectivity (default mode network [DMN]; n = 275), brain morphology (hippocampal subfield volume and cortical thickness; n = 280), neurocognitive functioning (n = 337), and genetic variation (n = 193). Multivariate analyses of PTSD and dissociation items suggested a class structure was superior to dimensional and hybrid ones, with 7.5% of the sample comprising the dissociative class; this group showed stability over 1.5 years. Covarying for age, sex, and PTSD severity, linear regression models revealed that derealization/depersonalization severity was associated with: decreased DMN connectivity between bilateral posterior cingulate cortex and right isthmus (p = .015; adjusted-p [padj] = .097); increased bilateral whole hippocampal, hippocampal head, and molecular layer head volume (p = .010–.034; padj = .032–.053); worse self-monitoring (p = .018; padj = .079); and a candidate genetic variant (rs263232) in the adenylyl cyclase 8 gene (p = .026), previously associated with dissociation. Results converged on biological structures and systems implicated in sensory integration, the neural representation of spatial awareness, and stress-related spatial learning and memory, suggesting possible mechanisms underlying the dissociative subtype of PTSD.

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Psychometric Properties of the Dissociative Subtype of PTSD Scale: Replication and Extension in a Clinical Sample of Trauma-Exposed Veterans

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Prevalence of the dissociative subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of the dissociative subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Psychometric Properties of the Dissociative Subtype of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale: Replication and Extension in Two German-Speaking Samples

Neurobiological and genetic correlates of the dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder.

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