Psychometric properties of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN)

Connor, Kathryn M.; Davidson, Jonathan; Churchill, L. Erik; Sherwood, Andrew; Foa, Edna B.; Weisler, Richard H.

doi:10.1192/bjp.176.4.379

Cited by 1,252 publications

(1,177 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In addition to the PQ, several other outcome measures were used; except where noted higher scores indicated greater client distress or dysfunction: (a) The CORE-OM, as in samples 2 and 3 (internal alpha for this sample: .95). (b) The Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN; Connor et al, 2000) is an eleven-item problem specific measure of social anxiety symptoms supported by evidence for good reliability and validity (internal alpha for this sample: .93). (c) The 26-item version of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-26) is an interpersonal problem distress measure, also used in sample 2 (internal consistency for this sample: .90).…”

Section: (4) Scotland Social Anxiety Samplementioning

confidence: 90%

Psychometrics of the Personal Questionnaire: A client-generated outcome measure.

Elliott¹,

Wagner²,

Sales³

et al. 2016

Psychological Assessment

118

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Section: (4) Scotland Social Anxiety Samplementioning

confidence: 90%

Psychometrics of the Personal Questionnaire: A client-generated outcome measure.

Elliott¹,

Wagner²,

Sales³

et al. 2016

Psychological Assessment

118

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“…Means (and standard deviations) separately for groups. Experimental 1 and 2 ϭ Participants encountering same facial cues is conditioning and decision-making phase in Experiment 1 and 2. n ϭ Number of participants; IPIP ϭ International Personality Item Pool-NEO-PI-R (Goldberg et al, 2006); SPIN ϭ Social Phobia Inventory (Connor et al, 2000); BDI ϭ Beck Depression Inventory (Beck et al, 1996). a F score for F(2, 133).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquisition of behavioral avoidance: Task-irrelevant conditioned stimuli trigger costly decisions.

Pittig¹,

Schulz²,

Craske³

et al. 2014

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Individuals avoid stimuli which are associated with aversive experience to preserve safety. However, behavioral avoidance also causes impairments and prevents the individual from attaining positive rewards. Little is known about the link between fear acquisition and the development of behavioral avoidance in the presence of potential rewards. Therefore, two experiments investigated the impact of fear conditioning on a subsequent gambling task. In an experimental group (n ϭ 30) advantageous choices (higher reward probability) were linked to a fear-relevant stimulus that was associated with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US) during fear conditioning (conditioned stimulus, CSϩ). A disadvantageous choice (lower reward probability) was, however, linked to a safe stimulus that was never associated with the US (CSϪ). In a control group (n ϭ 25), fear conditioning was followed by a similar gambling task with novel stimuli. A second experiment focused on individual predictors of avoidant decisions (n ϭ 81). Compared with the control group, individuals in the experimental groups avoided the advantageous CS ϩ choice despite fewer gains. The predictor analysis further clarified that avoidant decisions were pronounced in highly trait anxious participants who exhibited higher fear responses. On the other hand, findings also indicated a reduction in absolute avoidance across the task. Combined, these findings demonstrate that fear conditioning can lead to avoidant decision making, especially in vulnerable individuals. The resulting costs parallel impairments caused by behavioral avoidance. Such an emotional decision-making style may be a link between aversive experience and the development of habitual pathological avoidance. Introducing rewards for approach, however, may counteract avoidant decisions.

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“…Higher scores indicate greater BDD severity. The 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-D; [13]) assessed depressive symptoms, and the 17-item self-report Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN; [14]) assessed severity of current social anxiety. The SPIN has adequate reliability and validity [14].…”

Section: Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Functioning in Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Assessment Considerations

et al. 2006

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Individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) have markedly poor social functioning; however, previous reports may underestimate impairment. Scoring on certain functioning measures such as the Social Adjustment Scale-Self Report (SAS-SR) potentially excludes more severely ill individuals from some domains, thereby possibly underestimating functional impairment. To explore this issue, 73 individuals with BDD who reported having no primary relationship (and were therefore excluded from scoring on the SAS-SR Primary Relationship domain) were compared to 58 individuals with BDD who had a primary relationship. Subjects without a primary relationship had significantly poorer global social adjustment on several measures. They also had poorer scores on the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale and greater severity of BDD and depressive symptoms at a trend level. These findings suggest that the SAS-SR may underestimate social impairment. This underestimation may pertain to other domains of functioning, other disorders, and certain other functioning and quality of life measures. KeywordsBody dysmorphic disorder; Dysmorphophobia; Social adjustment; Assessment Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a relatively common disorder that consists of a distressing or impairing preoccupation with an imagined or slight defect in appearance [1]. Individuals with BDD have very poor psychosocial functioning, markedly poor quality of life, and high rates of suicidal ideation poor and attempts [2]. Social impairment, in particular, appears to be nearly universal in BDD [2]. Persons with BDD are often single, avoid dating, have a significant reduction in the quality of their relationships and have high levels of social isolation [3,4]. Despite this disorder's severity, social functioning in BDD has received only limited attention.In a study of 188 individuals with BDD, 99% reported moderate, severe, or extreme lifetime impairment in social functioning [2] To our knowledge, only two studies [4,8] have examined social functioning in BDD using the Social Adjustment Scale-Self Report (SAS-SR; [9]). One study [8] found that depressed patients with comorbid BDD (n=28) had a mean overall social adjustment score of 2.6±0.6, which was 3.1 SD units poorer than community norms, although their SAS-SR scores were comparable to those of depressed subjects without comorbid BDD (n=322). Our group recently found a mean SAS-SR overall social adjustment score of 2.37±.52 in 126 broadly ascertained subjects with BDD [4], which was markedly poorer than community norms. Effect sizes across all SAS-SR domains were very large (d=0.82-2.07). In addition, more severe BDD symptoms were significantly correlated with poorer overall social adjustment (r=.37, p < .0001).Even though SAS-SR scores in these studies were notably poor, these findings may actually underestimate social impairment in BDD. Scoring on the SAS-SR systematically excludes possibly more seriously ill individuals from certain subscales, thereby potentially minimizing impairment in social functi...

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Psychometric properties of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN)

Abstract: The SPIN demonstrates solid psychometric properties and shows promise as a measurement for the screening of, and treatment response to, social phobia.

Cited by 1,252 publications

References 21 publications

Psychometrics of the Personal Questionnaire: A client-generated outcome measure.

Psychometrics of the Personal Questionnaire: A client-generated outcome measure.

Acquisition of behavioral avoidance: Task-irrelevant conditioned stimuli trigger costly decisions.

Social Functioning in Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Assessment Considerations

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