Psychophysiological and vocal measures in the detection of guilty knowledge

Gamer, Matthias; Rill, Hans-Georg; Vossel, Gerhard; Gödert, Heinz Werner

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.05.006

Cited by 86 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In the last decade, a number of researchers have reported heart rate data. Despite differences in population (undergraduates, community, prisoners), stimuli (autobiographical, mock crime information) and other methodological aspects, several studies have shown a biphasic heart rate pattern (e.g., Ambach et al 2008;Gamer et al 2006;Podlesny and Raskin 1978;Verschuere et al 2007a). There is an initial (0-5 s) heart rate acceleration followed (5-15 s) by a deceleration, the latter being greater to correct compared to incorrect test items in examinees possessing concealed information (see Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiating Orienting and Defensive Responses to Concealed Information: The Role of Verbalization

Verschuere

Crombez

Smolders

et al. 2009

Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback

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Using physiological measures, concealed information can be validly assessed. Orienting theory has been proposed to account for concealed information testing. As orienting is characterized by heart rate deceleration, one would expect this type of heart rate response to concealed information. However, with some exceptions, an initial heart rate acceleration to concealed information is typically observed. In the present paper, we examine the role of verbalization to explain the mixed pattern of heart rate changes. Using a within-subjects design, 30 participants were asked to either remain silent or to give an overt verbal response ("yes"/"no") to concealed autobiographical and control information. The results indicate that verbalization accounts for the initial heart rate acceleration. In line with the orienting theory, initial heart rate deceleration is observed when participants remained silent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiating Orienting and Defensive Responses to Concealed Information: The Role of Verbalization

Verschuere

Crombez

Smolders

et al. 2009

Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback

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show abstract

“…Here, according to www.frontiersin.org Ben-Shakhar (1985), Gamer et al (2006), and Gronau et al (2005), the physiological measures are z-transformed for each subject and for each data channel. All probe and irrelevant trials (but not neutral trials and the first trials of each stimulus category) were used to calculate individual means and standard deviations.…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Face and voice as social stimuli enhance differential physiological responding in a Concealed Information Test

Ambach

2012

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Attentional, intentional, and motivational factors are known to influence the physiological responses in a Concealed Information Test (CIT). Although concealing information is essentially a social action closely related to motivation, CIT studies typically rely on testing participants in an environment lacking of social stimuli: subjects interact with a computer while sitting alone in an experimental room.To address this gap, we examined the influence of social stimuli on the physiological responses in a CIT. Seventy-one participants underwent a mock-crime experiment with a modified CIT. In a between-subjects design, subjects were either questioned acoustically by a pre-recorded male voice presented together with a virtual male experimenter's uniform face or by a text field on the screen, which displayed the question devoid of face and voice. Electrodermal activity (EDA), respiration line length (RLL), phasic heart rate (pHR), and finger pulse waveform length (FPWL) were registered. The Psychopathic Personality Inventory -Revised (PPI-R) was administered in addition.The differential responses of RLL, pHR, and FPWL to probe vs. irrelevant items were greater in the condition with social stimuli than in the text condition; interestingly, the differential responses of EDA did not differ between conditions. No modulatory influence of the PPI-R sum or subscale scores was found. The results emphasize the relevance of social aspects in the process of concealing information and in its detection. Attentional demands as well as the participants' motivation to avoid detection might be the important links between social stimuli and physiological responses in the CIT.

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“…Similarly excessive claims have sometimes been made by proponents of voice stress analyzers, which are also used for detecting falsehoods. Like polygraph tests, voice stress analyzers tend to mislabel many innocent persons as guilty (Gamer, Rill, Vossel, & Gödert, 2006;Lilienfeld, 1993;Long & Krall, 1990). As with any tool, extravagant claims should serve as red flags that proponents of a given practice have overstated its predictive capacity and are operating outside the bounds of good science.…”

Section: Extravagant Claimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science and Pseudoscience in Law Enforcement

Lilienfeld

Landfield

2008

Criminal Justice and Behavior

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Pseudoscience and questionable science are largely neglected problems in police and other law enforcement work. In this primer, the authors delineate the key differences between science and pseudoscience, presenting 10 probabilistic indicators or warning signs, such as lack of falsifiability, absence of safeguards against confirmation bias, and lack of self-correction, that can help consumers of the police literature to distinguish scientific from pseudoscientific claims. Each of these warning signs is illustrated with an example from law enforcement. By attending to the differences between scientific and pseudoscientific assertions, police officers and other law enforcement officials can minimize their risk of errors and make better real-world decisions.

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Psychophysiological and vocal measures in the detection of guilty knowledge

Cited by 86 publications

References 29 publications

Differentiating Orienting and Defensive Responses to Concealed Information: The Role of Verbalization

Differentiating Orienting and Defensive Responses to Concealed Information: The Role of Verbalization

Face and voice as social stimuli enhance differential physiological responding in a Concealed Information Test

Science and Pseudoscience in Law Enforcement

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