Psychosensorial assessment of skin damage caused by a sliding on artificial turf: The development and validation of a skin damage area and severity index

Eijnde, Wilbert van den; Peppelman, Malou; Weghuis, Martin Olde; Erp, P.E.J. van

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2013.03.017

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In future, incidence and severity of laceration injuries could be assessed with a modified version of the Skin Damage and Severity index which was originally developed for assessing abrasive injuries in football 35. This would allow for a more accurate estimation of the laceration injury prevalence in rugby union, minimising the non-reporting of these injuries caused by current injury definitions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of laceration injuries in professional and amateur rugby union: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Oudshoorn

Driscoll

Kilner

et al. 2017

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundStudded footwear can cause severe lacerations in rugby union; the prevalence of these injuries is currently unknown.ObjectiveTo summarise the skin and laceration injury prevalence in published epidemiological studies and to investigate any differences in skin injury risk between amateur and professional players.DesignSystematic literature review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.Data sourcesPubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Ovid.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesProspective, epidemiological studies published in English after 1995, measuring a minimum of 400 match or 900 training exposure hours. Participants should be adult rugby union players (amateur or professional). The study should report a separate skin or laceration injury category and provide sufficient detail to calculate injury prevalence within this category.ResultsTwelve studies were included. Mean skin injury prevalence during matches was 2.4 injuries per 1000 exposure hours; during training sessions, the prevalence was 0.06 injuries per 1000 exposure hours. Skin injuries accounted for 5.3% of match injuries and 1.7% of training injuries. Skin injury risk was similar for amateur compared with professional players during matches (OR: 0.63, p=0.46.), but higher during training sessions (OR: 9.24, p=0.02).ConclusionsThe skin injury prevalence of 2.4 injuries per 1000 exposure hours is equivalent to one time-loss injury sustained during matches per team, per season. Amateur players are more likely to sustain skin injuries during training sessions than professional players. There is a need for more studies observing injuries among amateur players.Trial registration numberPROSPERO CRD42015024027.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of laceration injuries in professional and amateur rugby union: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Oudshoorn

Driscoll

Kilner

et al. 2017

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Frictional measurements were performed at room temperature (25°C) with a normal load of 0.2N, rotational radius of 1.00mm and a linear speed of 5cm/s for 300 laps. The test parameters were selected to produce contact pressures in the range of that experienced by players sliding on artificial turf surfaces [31]. The samples of varying grafting extents, were tested in both dry and hydrated states where the hydrated samples were equilibrated in deionized water for 2h and excess surface moisture removed using a piece of filter paper prior to the tribological studies.…”

Section: Friction Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological investigation into achieving skin-friendly artificial turf surfaces

Tay

Fleming

et al. 2016

Materials & Design

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A main concern with artificial turfs is the increased incidences of skin abrasions compared to playing on natural grass. The proliferation of these surfaces draws attention to the skinfriendliness and related test methods of the products. This study focuses on the yarn component and explores the significance of tribopairs in identifying the skin-friendly property of hydrophilically-modified polypropylene. The frictional behaviour of poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)-grafted substrates were studied under dry and hydrated conditions with standard steel tribotips, commonly used in frictional assessments. The measurements were repeated with tribotips made from silicone skin, used in large-scale artificial turf testing. Results showed that when hydrated, hydrophilic polymer brushes were successful in reducing silicone skin-sample friction by 75.8%. Interestingly, when extended trials were conducted, a step-jump in the frictional values of highly-modified samples was observed, attributed to the diminishing hydrated layer with prolonged testing. In contrast, the standard steel tribotips were unable to discern the effects of surface grafting or hydration, measuring consistently low frictional values across all samples. This study highlights the importance of tribotip selection and introduces a bench-top test method that can potentially be used for the quantification of skin-friendliness of artificial turf yarns during product development stages.

show abstract

“…However, artificial turf is still strongly associated with abrasion-type injuries (Fuller et al 2007;Ekstrand et al 2011). Survey studies revealed that players are complaining more about abrasion-type injuries than any other type of injuries (Zanetti 2009;Roberts et al 2014;van den Eijnde et al 2014a). Improving the sliding comfort and abandoning unpleasant sport surfaces, related to skin injuries, have therefore been of interest for manufacturers and sport-governing bodies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these methods are questioned because they do not simulate the real load experienced by a player during a sliding (Sanchis et al 2008). Further, the applied materials do not mimic the real skin response (van den Eijnde et al 2014b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The load tolerance of skin during impact on artificial turf usingex-vivoskin as the readout system

Eijnde

Masen

Lamers

et al. 2017

Science and Medicine in Football

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Understanding the mechanism of sliding induced skin injuries on artificial turf is important to define preventive measures. Recent findings revealed that high peak loads on the knee and thigh during impact of a sliding tackle are critical for inducing skin injuries. Unfortunately, skin failure data under combined impact load is lacking. Methods: In this study the load tolerance of skin to impact on both dry and wet artificial turf and natural grass is investigated by developing an ex-vivo model, a biaxial load applicator and a loading protocol. Results: The critical shear-normal stress combination at which skin breakdown occurred on dry artificial turf was 38 and 20 N. cm −2. Skin damage on wet artificial turf firstly was noticed at a shear-normal stress combination of 55 and 20 N. cm −2. On natural grass, skin breakdown only occurred at a combined shear and normal stress of 130 and 125 N. cm −2. The thickness of the stratum corneum after impact strongly correlated to the applied mechanical load during impact on dry artificial turf. Conclusion: In contrast to natural grass, skin damage on dry artificial turf is strongly related to the magnitude of the impact load. Wetting of the artificial turf system improves the load tolerance of skin to impact.

show abstract

Psychosensorial assessment of skin damage caused by a sliding on artificial turf: The development and validation of a skin damage area and severity index

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Prevalence of laceration injuries in professional and amateur rugby union: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of laceration injuries in professional and amateur rugby union: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tribological investigation into achieving skin-friendly artificial turf surfaces

The load tolerance of skin during impact on artificial turf usingex-vivoskin as the readout system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About