The objective of this study was to examine the perception of confl ict between work and family roles and job, family, and life satisfaction among nurses in Croatia. One hundred and twenty-nine nurses (married mothers) working in hospitals in Zadar, Šibenik, and Split were divided in four groups according to their worktime schedule. The participants completed a survey, which included a set of sociodemographic-type questions, questions about the level and allocation of family responsibilities between spouses, and scales measuring the perceived negative effects of worktime, psychological demands of the work, work-family confl ict, and semantic differential scales for measuring the affective and cognitive-evaluative component of job, family, and life satisfaction. This was the fi rst study in Croatia to deal with work-family confl ict among nurses or workers with different shift systems. The results of this study indicate that nurses working morning shifts only experienced less confl ict between work and family than other groups of nurses, who worked the morning, afternoon, and the night shift. The cognitive-evaluative component of job satisfaction was the highest among morning shift nurses and the lowest in nurses who worked 12-hour shifts, while the affective component of life satisfaction was the lowest in nurses working irregular and backward rotated shifts. These results confi rm that shiftwork makes the work-family role confl ict even worse. They also support the view that the type of shift rotation matters. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2012;63:189-197 Women and worktime stress Although the number of working women is increasing and attitudes about gender roles are changing, the society still expects women to take responsibility for most childcare and household tasks (1). Research results show that women indeed see themselves as more responsible for the family domain than men (2). This "woman's work" often takes priority over other duties and can not be delayed (3). Studies show that levels of stress hormones such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol remain high in women after the work day is over, women with children in particular (4). Certain types of work schedules can be a signifi cant stressor for a working mother. For example, shift work has been shown to have negative effects on physical health, sleep quality, and mental health (5-7).
KEY WORDS: family satisfaction, job satisfaction, life satisfaction, nursing, shiftwork, work-family confl ict Šimunić A, Gregov Lj. WORK AND FAMILY CONFLICT IN CROATIAN NURSES