PTFE coated Nafion proton conducting membranes for direct methanol fuel cells

Chiu, Kuo-Feng; Chen, Y.-R.; Lin, Hsiung Cheng; Ho, Wen-Hsien

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.07.105

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The average amount of aluminum in the sample determined by ICP-AES from two parallel samples was 330 mg/m 2 . Assuming that all Al2O3 is in the 150 nm thick layer, the density of Al2O3 is higher (4.2 g/cm 3 ) than previously reported (2.5 -3.0 g/cm 3 ) [30] suggesting the presence of Al2O3 also in the membrane structure and/or on the backside of the membrane. The average water uptake of the membranes in three parallel measurements was 23.5 % for pristine Nafion and 18.5 % for Al2O3 coated Nafion.…”

Section: Structural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The pristine ion exchange membrane material can be modified by coating [3][4][5], crosslinking [6], preparing multilayer membrane structures [7,8] or adding fillers during synthesis of the membrane [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Development of a successful modification strategy may also lead to the opportunity of using less expensive base membrane materials if the properties of a membrane that in its pristine form is inferior to Nafion could be improved by the modification method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Development of a successful modification strategy may also lead to the opportunity of using less expensive base membrane materials if the properties of a membrane that in its pristine form is inferior to Nafion could be improved by the modification method. Coating Nafion membranes with a barrier polymer [3] or polyelectrolyte layers [4,5] has been shown to effectively decrease the methanol permeability. Crosslinking [6] has been used to improve mechanical strength and decrease methanol permeability and can reduce phase separation in blend membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Al2O3 coating grown on Nafion membranes by atomic layer deposition

Toikkanen

Nisula

Pohjalainen

et al. 2015

Journal of Membrane Science

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Nafion membranes were shown to be suitable substrates for atomic layer deposition (ALD) process.ALD utilising trimethyl aluminum as a precursor leads to well reproducible formation of smooth single-sided Al2O3 coating on the membranes. Physicochemical and mechanical properties of the coated membranes were compared to those of the unmodified ones. The coating reduced water uptake and thus also conductivity. Moreover, the Al2O3 coating decreased the oxygen permeability of the membrane by 10 % and the methanol permeability 30-50 %. The mechanical properties of the Nafion ® membrane were improved. The resulting membranes were successfully applied in hydrogen fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells and microbial fuel cells. In the microbial fuel cell, the Al2O3 coated membrane showed stable performance during long-term measurements of more than 100 d and doubled power densities in comparison to a cell equipped with a pristine membrane. The membrane modification strategy has potential for improving the performance of various types of membrane fuel cells and could be used for several types of functional membranes containing active groups for ALD growth.Keywords atomic layer deposition, aluminum oxide coating, ion exchange membrane, reactant crossover, microbial fuel cell Revised manuscript No. JMS-15-8873

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Section: Structural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Al2O3 coating grown on Nafion membranes by atomic layer deposition

Toikkanen

Nisula

Pohjalainen

et al. 2015

Journal of Membrane Science

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“…Organic/Nafion blends can be classified as having a small barrier effect (P r > 0.25), as the case of PPy [102][103][104], PPO [108,109], PFA [110], sPF [116], PPV [123], PVP [124], PE [129], sPEEK [133][134][135], sPAEK [136], PVI [138], PTFE [142], sPOSS [144], PEDT [146], PR [147], PM [148], PSSA [150], and AMPS [152], moderate barrier effect (0.04 < P r < 0.25), as the case of PETE [130], sPAES [137], or strong barrier effect (P r < 0.04), as the case of PAES [137] and PFEP [143].…”

Section: Methanol Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In region A (σ r >1, and P r <1) only sulfonated POSS/Nafion composites [144] [90]; Nd triflate ( ) [91]; Er triflate ( ) [92]; PWA ( ) [94]; PMA ( ) [33]. Gray symbols correspond to sulfonated fillers and closed symbols to layered composites along with some PTFE-coated Nafion membranes [142], and Nafion/PVP composites [124]. Exceptionally high relative selectivities are reported for sPOSS (β r ¼ 8.3) [144], PVdF (β r ¼ 20) [119,120], PANI-coated Nafion (β r ¼ 8.0) [126], and semi-inter penetrating polymer networks of Nafion and crosslinked poly(AMPS) (β r ¼ 16) [152].…”

Section: Methanol Selectivity Of Nafion Composite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membranes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Corti

2013

Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

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This chapter is devoted to summarize and discuss the main properties of ionomeric membranes used in direct alcohol PEM fuel cells. Although Nafion is the proton exchange membrane commonly used in methanol and other direct alcohol fuel cells, other proton and alkaline membranes are being investigated in order to improve the efficiency of DAFC. The goals in the development of this critical component of DAFC are: low cost, long durability, low alcohol permeability and high electrical conductivity. The last two properties can be combined in a single parameter, the membrane selectivity that accounts for the ratio between the proton and alcohol transport through the membrane. This parameter can be compared to that measured for Nafion to define a relative selectivity, which is a primary parameter to evaluate the potentiality of a ionomer material to be used in alcohol feed fuel cells.The vast catalogue of polymeric materials reviewed here included Nafion composite with inorganic and organic fillers, and non-fluorinated proton conducting membranes such as sulfonated polyimides, poly(arylene ether)s, polysulfones, poly (vinyl alcohol), polystyrenes, and acid-doped polybenzimidazoles. Anionexchange membranes are also discussed because of the facile electro-oxidation of alcohols in alkaline media and because of the minimization of alcohol crossover in alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells.The performance of different types of membranes in direct alcohol fuel cells, mainly methanol, are summarized and discussed in order to identify the most promissory ones. The lack of correlation between the relative selectivity and fuel cell performance of the membranes indicates that the architecture of the three

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