Public health impact of including two lineages of influenza B in a quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine

Reed, Carrie; Meltzer, Martin I.; Finelli, Lyn; Fiore, Anthony E.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.098

Cited by 210 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Many studies have reported the cost‐effectiveness and advantages of QIV over the trivalent vaccine 59, 60, 61, 62, 63. If TIVs were replaced with QIVs in immunisation programmes; this could provide benefit at both the individual and population levels through reduced numbers of infections arising from TIV influenza B and circulating influenza B lineage mismatch.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of influenza B in Australia: 2001‐2014 influenza seasons

Moa

Muscatello

Turner

et al. 2016

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundInfluenza B is characterised by two antigenic lineages: B/Victoria and B/Yamagata. These lineages circulate together with influenza A during influenza seasons, with varying incidence from year to year and by geographic region.ObjectiveTo determine the epidemiology of influenza B relative to influenza A in Australia.MethodsLaboratory‐confirmed influenza notifications between 2001 and 2014 in Australia were obtained from the Australian National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.ResultsA total of 278 485 laboratory‐confirmed influenza cases were notified during the study period, comprising influenza A (82.2%), B (17.1%) and ‘other and untyped’ (0.7%). The proportion of notifications that were influenza B was highest in five‐ to nine‐year‐olds (27.5%) and lowest in persons aged 85 years and over (11.5%). Of all B notifications with lineage determined, 77.1% were B/Victoria and 22.9% were B/Yamagata infections. Mismatches between the dominant B lineage in a season and the trivalent vaccine B lineage occurred in over one‐third of seasons during the study years. In general, influenza B notifications peaked later than influenza A notifications.ConclusionThe proportion of circulating influenza B in Australia during 2001‐2014 was slightly lower than the global average and was dominated by B/Victoria. Compared with influenza A, influenza B infection was more common among older children and young adults and less common in the very elderly. Influenza B lineage mismatch with the trivalent vaccine occurred about one‐third of the time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of influenza B in Australia: 2001‐2014 influenza seasons

Moa

Muscatello

Turner

et al. 2016

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…Reed et al 21. estimated the benefits of TIV and QIV using coverage, vaccine efficacy and health outcomes data from the USA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trivalent and quadrivalent influenza vaccination effectiveness in Australia and South Africa: results from a modelling study

Milne

Halder

Kelso

et al. 2016

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundA modelling study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of trivalent (TIV) and quadrivalent (QIV) vaccination in South Africa and Australia.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the potential benefits of alternative vaccination strategies which may depend on community‐specific demographic and health characteristics.MethodsTwo influenza A and two influenza B strains were simulated using individual‐based simulation models representing specific communities in South Africa and Australia over 11 years. Scenarios using TIV or QIV, with alternative prioritisation strategies and vaccine coverage levels, were evaluated using a country‐specific health outcomes process.ResultsIn South Africa, approximately 18% fewer deaths and hospitalisations would be expected to result from the use of QIV compared to TIV over the 11 modelled years (P = 0·031). In Australia, only 2% (P = 0·30) fewer deaths and hospitalisations would result. Vaccinating 2%, 5%, 15% or 20% of the population with TIV using a strategy of prioritising vulnerable age groups, including HIV‐positive individuals, resulted in reductions in hospitalisations and mortality of at least 7%, 18%, 57% and 66%, respectively, in both communities.ConclusionsThe degree to which QIV can reduce health burden compared to TIV is strongly dependent on the number of years in which the influenza B lineage in the TIV matches the circulating B lineages. Assuming a moderate level of B cross‐strain protection, TIV may be as effective as QIV. The choice of vaccination prioritisation has a greater impact than the QIV/TIV choice, with strategies targeting those most responsible for transmission being most effective.

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“…The other 11 studies used static models [20][21][22][25][26][27][28][32][33][34][35]. Three of these 11 studies used the same Markov model [25,28,33] developed by van Bellinghen et al [33], while 6 studies [20,21,26,27,32,34] followed and extended the approach that was explained in the online available spreadsheetbased model by Reed et al [42]. All of the static modeling studies neglected indirect effects.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the health economic consequences of quadrivalent influenza vaccination

Boer

Maanen

Damm

et al. 2017

Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research

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International audienceBackground: Quadrivalent influenza vaccines (QIVs) contain antigens derived from an additional influenza type B virus as compared with currently used trivalent influenza vaccines (TIVs). This should overcome a potential reduced vaccine protection due to mismatches between TIV and circulating B viruses. In this study, we systematically reviewed the available literature on health economic evaluations of switching from TIV to QIV.Areas covered: The databases of Medline and Embase were searched systematically to identify health economic evaluations of QIV versus TIV published before September 2016.A total of sixteen studies were included, thirteen cost-effectiveness analyses and three cost-comparisons.Expert commentary: Published evidence on the cost-effectiveness of QIV suggests that switching from TIV to QIV would be a valuable intervention from both the public health and economic viewpoint. However, more research seems mandatory. Our main recommendations for future research include: 1) more extensive use of dynamic models in order to estimate the full impact of QIV on influenza transmission including indirect effects, 2) improved availability of data on disease outcomes and costs related to influenza type B viruses, and 3) more research on immunogenicity of natural influenza infection and vaccination, with emphasis on cross-reactivity between different influenza B viruses and duration of protection

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Public health impact of including two lineages of influenza B in a quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine

Cited by 210 publications

References 15 publications

Epidemiology of influenza B in Australia: 2001‐2014 influenza seasons

Epidemiology of influenza B in Australia: 2001‐2014 influenza seasons

Trivalent and quadrivalent influenza vaccination effectiveness in Australia and South Africa: results from a modelling study

A systematic review of the health economic consequences of quadrivalent influenza vaccination

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