Public Masking: An Urgent Need to Revise Global Policies to Protect against COVID-19

Keshtkar-Jahromi, Maryam; Sulkowski, Mark S.; Holakouie-Naieni, Kourosh

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.20-0305

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Efforts to socialise the ideas around preparedness, personal ownership and masking in preparation for possible resurgence of COVID-19 need to focus on explaining how masks work to reduce droplet and aerosol spread and why this is important for increased community protection. 4,13 Mass masking as a response to possible asymptomatic transmissions of COVID-19 shifts the motivation from self-protection to a communityfocused altruism. 4,6 As Dr Anthony Fauci, a lead member of the White House Coronavirus Task Force, recently told PBS NewsHour 'Putting a mask on yourself is more to prevent you from infecting someone else'.…”

Section: Cost Of Masks and Embarrassment About Whatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Resistance to mass masking in some countries (such as Austria, the United Kingdom, Australia and the United States), has been driven by conflicting interpretation of evidence for effectiveness; potential non-compliance, anxiety and stigmatisation concerns; confusion about different forms of masking (eg for use in general public settings and for use in medical settings); and supply issues, including concern that mass masking will limit the supply of masks for essential workers and vulnerable individuals. 7,13 The public adoption of non-medical masks may be an essential intervention to prevent lockdown given the recurrence of COVID-19 outbreaks in New Zealand. 7 Attempts to introduce mass masking in New Zealand may be hampered by a lack of established social expectations around mask wearing, as well as previous negative and confusing public messaging and conflation of masks and personal protective equipment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wearing one for the team: views and attitudes to face covering in New Zealand/Aotearoa during COVID-19 Alert Level 4 lockdown

Gray

MacDonald²,

Tassell-Matamua

et al. 2020

J Prim Health Care

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INTRODUCTIONMass masking is emerging as a key non-pharmaceutical intervention for reducing community spread of COVID-19. However, although hand washing, social distancing and bubble living have been widely adopted by the ‘team of 5 million’, mass masking has not been socialised to the general population. AIMTo identify factors associated with face masking in New Zealand during COVID-19 Alert Level 4 lockdown to inform strategies to socialise and support mass masking. METHODSA quantitative online survey conducted in New Zealand during April 2020 invited residents aged ≥18 years to complete a questionnaire. Questions about face masking were included in the survey. The sample was drawn from a commissioned research panel survey, with boosted sampling for Māori and Pacific participants. Responses were weighted to reflect the New Zealand population for all analyses. RESULTSA total of 1015 individuals participated. Self-reported beliefs were strongly related to behaviours, with respondents viewing face masking measures as ‘somewhat’ or ‘very’ effective in preventing them from contracting COVID-19 more likely to report having worn a face mask than respondents who viewed them as ‘not at all’ effective. The strongest barriers to face mask use included beliefs that there was a mask shortage and that the needs of others were greater than their own. DISCUSSIONHighlighting the efficacy of and dispelling myths about the relative efficacy of mask types and socialising people to the purpose of mass masking will contribute to community protective actions of mask wearing in the New Zealand response to COVID-19.

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Section: Cost Of Masks and Embarrassment About Whatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearing one for the team: views and attitudes to face covering in New Zealand/Aotearoa during COVID-19 Alert Level 4 lockdown

Gray

MacDonald²,

Tassell-Matamua

et al. 2020

J Prim Health Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is also necessary to maintain a minimum physical distance from others, frequently washing hands and to avoid touching face (2). Although it is partly unknown the degree that masks protect against droplets/aerosols of respiratory system, [6] but even with a limited protective effect, face masks can reduce the risk of transmission of COVID-19 in the general public [3,[7][8][9] . They also can presumptively diminish the viral load, resulting to decrease the severity and risk of the death [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Face mask use among pedestrians during the COVID-19 pandemic in southwest Iran: An observational study on 10440 people

Rahimi

Shirali

Araban

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Many countries have recommended the use of face masks for general population in public places to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of face mask usage and investigate about different types of face mask and their distribution among pedestrians in southwest Iran during the Covid-19 pandemic.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in August 2020 in Ahvaz, southwest Iran. Using a multistage sampling method, a total of 10440 pedestrians selected from 8 urban districts and 92 neighborhoods of the city. The data gathered by observation method. Percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to describe the variables. Chi-square test, fisher exact test and Chi-square for trend used to assess relationship between two categorical variables. We used unconditional logistic regression model to control confounders.Results: The mean ± SD age of the observed pedestrians was 32.2 ±15.1 years and 67.9% of them were male. The overall prevalence of face mask usage was 45.6% (95% CI, 44.6 – 46.5). In general, as the age increased, the prevalence of face mask use significantly increased (p for trend <0.001). Women used face masks significantly higher than men (60.2% vs. 38.7%, p <0.001). Among the pedestrians who used the mask, 75.6 % wore facemask correctly. The most common type of facemask used by the pedestrians were surgical(medical) masks (63.8%). In total, the prevalence of facemask usage was significantly higher during a.m. (49.4%) compared to p.m. (43.9%), (p<0.001). Besides, in our study, 1.7% and 0.3 % of Pedestrians had worn gloves and shielded respectively. Women used shields and gloves significantly higher than men (3.6 % vs. 0.7%, p <0.001). Also, women used shields more than men (0.5 % vs. 0.3%, p =0.036).Conclusion: We concluded that the prevalence rate of face mask use in Ahvaz was fairly low especially in men and younger people. Hence, the observed rates probably cannot protect the community against COVID-19 spread. Therefore, it is important to implement educational programs as well as to establish laws and regulations governing the use of face masks in public places.

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“…Though how efficacious the face mask is needs to be evaluated, however the mask seems to be the commonly available defense for containment and mass masking has been recommended. 13 Quarantine, isolation, social distancing as well as containment of contagion in community is required to halt the spread of disease 14 all causing an environment of fear for the public as well as rehabilitation specialists alike. Recent research in the USA indicates that flattening of the fatality and infection curve may be attributable to wearing face masks and social isolation, hence, universal use of face mask has been recommended with significant impact on outbreak.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Rehab Fright Management

Mumtaz

Saqulain²,

Mumtaz³

2020

Pak J Med Sci

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Being diagnosed as positive for SARS-2 CoV RNA on PCR generates anxiety and stress as well as depression due to the prospects of being isolated. With genetically varied forms of virus on the rise the widely adopted manner to protect oneself is social distancing. This is frightening for rehabilitation professionals who at times are exposed at close quarters to the patients as rehabilitation is essential. Data in this backdrop is lacking, as this is a recent and ongoing pandemic. As such the current study was conducted with an attempt to review and highlight the causes of fright among rehabilitation professionals and possible management options in the wake of current pandemic of COVID-19 in the perspective of Pakistan. For this purpose literature was searched from major electronic databases including PubMed, Google, Google Scholar and Web-of-science, with keywords “Covid-19, mental health, telehealth, telemedicine, tele-rehabilitation and combination of words”. Eighty English, full text articles were studied out of which 36 were used for the literature review. With this literature review we conclude that COVID-19 has resulted in fear of contracting and transmitting this disease among health professionals and can be reduced and managed by provision of tele-rehabilitation and telehealth facilities. Patients emerging from prolonged mechanical ventilations require extensive rehabilitation to restore routine body functions. The role of the otolaryngologist and speech language pathologist (SLP) is formal and direct to ensure appropriate and timely long term intervention and rehabilitation to ensure that these individuals re-enter mainstream activities. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3187 How to cite this:Mumtaz N, Saqulain G, Mumtaz N. COVID-19 Rehab Fright Management. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):277-282. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3187 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Public Masking: An Urgent Need to Revise Global Policies to Protect against COVID-19

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Wearing one for the team: views and attitudes to face covering in New Zealand/Aotearoa during COVID-19 Alert Level 4 lockdown

Wearing one for the team: views and attitudes to face covering in New Zealand/Aotearoa during COVID-19 Alert Level 4 lockdown

Face mask use among pedestrians during the COVID-19 pandemic in southwest Iran: An observational study on 10440 people

COVID-19 Rehab Fright Management

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Public Masking: An Urgent Need to Revise Global Policies to Protect against COVID-19

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Wearing one for the team: views and attitudes to face covering in New Zealand/Aotearoa during COVID-19 Alert Level 4 lockdown

Wearing one for the team: views and attitudes to face covering in New Zealand/Aotearoa during COVID-19 Alert Level 4 lockdown

Face mask use among pedestrians during the COVID-19 pandemic in southwest Iran:&nbsp;An observational study on 10440 people

COVID-19 Rehab Fright Management

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Product

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Face mask use among pedestrians during the COVID-19 pandemic in southwest Iran: An observational study on 10440 people