Public transit and labor market outcomes: Analysis of the connections in the French agglomeration of Bordeaux

Sari, Florent

doi:10.1016/j.tra.2015.04.015

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These results add to the literature on accessibility by public transport and employment. Whereas previous studies have found that the lack of job accessibility to jobs by public transport leads to higher unemployment rates in developed countries (Blumenberg and Ong, 2001;Kawabata, 2003;Matas et al, 2010;Sari, 2015), this study suggests that such low levels of accessibility to jobs by public transport could be associated with informal employment in the SPMR among low income individuals. In developing countries unemployment compensations are rare, so individuals are left with little choice except to be employed in the informal market to earn a living, especially for low-income groups.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…Sanchez (1999) and Tyndall (2015) found that, more generally, access to public transport results in higher employment rates in North American context. In the European context, similar conclusions have been drawn (Matas et al, 2010;Sari, 2015). This shows that previous research in developed countries focused on unemployment rates and their relation to public transport or accessibility to jobs.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Overall, the results suggest that low-income workers residing in areas where job accessibility by public transport are lower and more likely to be informally employed. Several studies in the North American and European context have shown that the lack of accessibility to jobs by public transport is associated with higher unemployment rates (Matas et al, 2010;Sanchez, 1999;Sari, 2015;Tyndall, 2015). This study is to our knowledge the first to investigate the relationship between accessibility to jobs by public transport and informality, rather than unemployment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 80%

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Informality and accessibility to jobs by public transit: Evidence from the São Paulo Metropolitan Region

Boisjoly¹,

Moreno-Monroy

El-Geneidy³

2017

Journal of Transport Geography

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Access to opportunities through public transport can have different impacts on individual's life especially in developing countries where opportunities are limited, job informality rates are high, and socioeconomic characteristics gaps are big. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between job informality and accessibility to employment by public transport in São Paulo Metropolitan Region (SPMR), Brazil. To do so, we calculate a cumulative-opportunity measure of accessibility to jobs for 633 areas within the SPMR. We use a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model to estimate the effect of job accessibility on the likelihood of being informally employed, controlling for individual and other area characteristics. To account for informal sector heterogeneity, two regression models are generated: one for the workers earning below minimum wage and one for the workers earning above minimum wage. The results show that accessibility to jobs is unevenly distributed across the region, largely concentrated in the core of the region, and especially in the high-income areas. The regression results show that for workers earning less than the minimum wage, a higher level of accessibility to jobs by public transport is associated with a lower likelihood of being a worker in the informal job sector. For informal workers earning more than the minimum wage, car ownership seem to be more relevant than transit accessibility in determining the likelihood of being part of the informal job sector. In light of these findings, increasing accessibility by public transport through either expanding transit services to areas with high informality rates to have a better access to formal jobs or supporting the decentralization of formal jobs may be a way to achieve reductions in informality rates, especially among those earning less than the minimum wage.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 80%

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Informality and accessibility to jobs by public transit: Evidence from the São Paulo Metropolitan Region

Boisjoly¹,

Moreno-Monroy

El-Geneidy³

2017

Journal of Transport Geography

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“…As such, accessibility reflects the multiple benefits provided by land use and transportation systems (Ben-Akiva and Lerman, 1979). For example, greater accessibility is associated with higher land values (Koenig, 1980;El-Geneidy and Levinson, 2006;Du and Mulley, 2012) and employment rates (Ornati et al, 1969;Pignatar and Falcocch, 1969;Sanchez, 1999;Blumenberg and Ong, 2001;Sari, 2015;Tyndall, 2015), as it provides residents with greater access to a variety of opportunities. In the same way, increased accessibility contributes to reducing the risks of social exclusion for vulnerable individuals (Preston and Rajé, 2007;Lucas, 2012).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The insider: A planners' perspective on accessibility

Boisjoly

El-Geneidy

2017

Journal of Transport Geography

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Accessibility, the ease of reaching destinations, is a key land use and transportation performance measure that has been studied for decades by researchers. Nevertheless, its use by practitioners is generally limited. The goal of this study is to explore the challenges and opportunities experienced by land use and transportation practitioners to use accessibility metrics in their work. In order to achieve this objective, a survey on the use of accessibility metrics was conducted among 343 practitioners around the world. Findings from the survey show a gap between knowledge of the concept of accessibility and its use by land use and transportation practitioners. While 90% of the respondents are familiar with the concept, only 55% stated that they use accessibility metrics in their work. Whereas lack of support and interest does not appear to be a major obstacle to using accessibility metrics, lack of knowledge and data are highlighted as the main barriers to the use of metrics in practice. These results suggest that further training and collaboration is required to support the use of metrics by practitioners. Furthermore, including clear accessibility indicators in planning documents is key to promoting the use of metrics in policy and practice, as it was stated as a main reason motivating the generation of accessibility metrics. This research highlights potential avenues to support the integration of accessibility metrics in practice and is of relevance to researchers, planners and policy-makers wishing to foster accessibility-based planning approaches.

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“…In some of the major cities, rail infrastructure is considered a critical component to develop a competitive city at a global scale (Niedzielski and Malecki, 2012). This dominant discourse reflects a neoliberal urbanism focused on economic growth, and has been critiqued for its neglect of issues surrounding social inclusivity and social justice (Enright, 2013;Sari, 2015). Predominantly, light rail research includes evaluation of transport benefits (such as increased public transport usage and modal shift from cars (Knowles, 1996)), revealing that the most successful cities are able to deliver new light and/or heavy rail schemes as well as smaller schemes designed to eliminate road and rail bottlenecks.…”

Section: Light Rail Transitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generating opportunities for city sustainability through investments in light rail systems: Introduction to the Special Section on light rail and urban sustainability

Ferbrache

Knowles

2016

Journal of Transport Geography

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Public transit and labor market outcomes: Analysis of the connections in the French agglomeration of Bordeaux

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Informality and accessibility to jobs by public transit: Evidence from the São Paulo Metropolitan Region

Informality and accessibility to jobs by public transit: Evidence from the São Paulo Metropolitan Region

The insider: A planners' perspective on accessibility

Generating opportunities for city sustainability through investments in light rail systems: Introduction to the Special Section on light rail and urban sustainability

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