Publication Bias in Meta-Analysis: Confidence Intervals for Rosenthal’s Fail-Safe Number

Fragkos, Konstantinos C.; Tsagris, Michail; Frangos, Christos C.

doi:10.1155/2014/825383

Cited by 100 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…no effect of non-native prey on native predators) before the cumulative effect would become no longer statistically significant. If the failsafe number is > 5n + 10 (where n is the original number of studies), then it suggests that there is a minimal chance of publication bias (Rosenthal 1979;Fragkos et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do native predators benefit from non‐native prey?

Pintor

Byers

2015

Ecology Letters

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Despite knowledge on invasive species' predatory effects, we know little of their influence as prey. Non-native prey should have a neutral to positive effect on native predators by supplementing the prey base. However, if non-native prey displace native prey, then an invader's net influence should depend on both its abundance and value relative to native prey. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the effect of non-native prey on native predator populations. Relative to native prey, non-native prey similarly or negatively affect native predators, but only when studies employed a substitutive design that examined the effects of each prey species in isolation from other prey. When native predators had access to non-native and native prey simultaneously, predator abundance increased significantly relative to pre-invasion abundance. Although non-native prey may have a lower per capita value than native prey, they seem to benefit native predators by serving as a supplemental prey resource.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the failsafe number is > 5 n + 10 (where n is the original number of studies), then it suggests that there is a minimal chance of publication bias (Rosenthal ; Fragkos et al . ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Do native predators benefit from non‐native prey?

Pintor

Byers

2015

Ecology Letters

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“…Standard formulae for computing SD were used when values were not directly available 11. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Rosenthal's fail-safe number (Rosenthal's N),12 online supplementary appendix 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The validity of health-related quality of life questionnaires in bronchiectasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Spinou

Fragkos

Lee

et al. 2016

Thorax

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“…Heterogeneity was further investigated with subgroup analysis and meta‐regression. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, Egger's test, Begg's test, Rosenthal's number, and the trim‐and‐fill method (Begg & Mazumdar, ; Duval & Tweedie, ; Egger, Smith, Schneider, & Minder, ; Fragkos, Tsagris, & Frangos, ; Sterne et al, ). In the present study, the funnel plots depict the Hakstian–Whalen T or Fisher's Z against the study's sample size, since the standard error of both these effect sizes is dependent on the effect size or the sample size (Hunter et al, ; Sterne & Egger, ).…”

Section: The Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural empowerment is a strong predictor of organizational commitment in nurses: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Fragkos

Makrykosta

Frangos³

2020

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Aims The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis is to explore the relationship between structural empowerment and organizational commitment and to examine a theoretical model under which empowerment could potentially affect organizational performance. Design PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses were used and quality assessment of articles was performed. Data sources Electronic database searches were conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, and EMBASE from January 1950–1 January 2019, which resulted in 204 retrieved studies, published between 1994–2018. Review Methods A random effects model was used to produce a pooled estimate of effect sizes (correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha), with analysis of heterogeneity and publication bias. A meta‐analytic structural equation model of the constructs analysed was also performed. Results The final review included 22 studies. The meta‐analytic means of structural empowerment, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and psychological empowerment alpha reliabilities were 0.87, 0.84, 0.85, and 0.87, respectively. Heterogeneity but no publication bias was present in these outcomes. Structural empowerment was strongly correlated with organizational commitment (r = 0.43). The meta‐analytic correlation coefficients of organizational commitment with psychological empowerment and job satisfaction were 0.53 and 0.47, respectively. Structural empowerment was correlated with job satisfaction and psychological empowerment with correlation coefficients of 0.57 and 0.44, respectively. Finally, job satisfaction was correlated with psychological empowerment with a correlation coefficient of 0.53. A meta‐analytic structural equation model was tested with good fit which predicted performance (commitment and job satisfaction) from empowerment (structural and psychological). Conclusion Structural empowerment is strongly correlated to organizational commitment and with psychological empowerment, they increase organizational performance. Organizations should attempt to make structural empowerment as widespread as possible to create an effective workplace culture. Impact Structural empowerment in nurses is important to help deliver an effective workplace culture where nurses can be committed and have reduced intention‐to‐leave. Structural empowerment was strongly correlated with organizational commitment. Organizational commitment was significantly correlated with psychological empowerment and job satisfaction. Structural empowerment was correlated with job satisfaction and psychological empowerment as well. A meta‐analytic structural equation model with good fit predicted performance. These results will affect nursing researchers and practitioners. Results indicate a need for organizational restructuring that promotes empowerment and formation of theoretical models that connect empowerment to performance.

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Publication Bias in Meta-Analysis: Confidence Intervals for Rosenthal’s Fail-Safe Number

Cited by 100 publications

References 58 publications

Do native predators benefit from non‐native prey?

Do native predators benefit from non‐native prey?

The validity of health-related quality of life questionnaires in bronchiectasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Structural empowerment is a strong predictor of organizational commitment in nurses: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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