Pull-in instability of carbon nanotube-reinforced nano-switches considering scale, surface and thermal effects

Yang, Weidong; Wang, X.; Fang, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.08.044

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The influence of surface interactions between electrodes become remarkable in MEMS and MOEMS. The idealized Casimir force without thermal effects are derived by vacuum quantum fluctuation of the electromagnetic field modes of a cavity within two perfect flat bodies, so the left-hand and right-hand differential forces are respectively expressed as 55,58 dF L C =…”

Section: Electrostatic Force and Torquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sushkov et al 54 first experimentally observed the thermal effect of Casimir force by measuring the force within the distances from 0.7 to 7 mm called thermal Casimir force. There currently exists plenty of literature on pull-in phenomenon of electrostatic actuator under quantum Casimir force at zero temperature, [55][56][57][58][59] but the assumption of zero temperature is unreasonable for real operation situation of electrostatic devices. Therefore, thermal fluctuation effects should be considered on electromechanical coupling of nanostructures at finite temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupled effects of surface interaction and damping on electromechanical stability of functionally graded nanotubes reinforced torsional micromirror actuator

Yang

Liu

Ying³

et al. 2021

The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design

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This paper demonstrated the coupled surface effects of thermal Casimir force and squeeze film damping (SFD) on size-dependent electromechanical stability and bifurcation of torsion micromirror actuator. The governing equations of micromirror system are derived, and the pull-in voltage and critical tilting angle are obtained. Also, the twisting deformation of torsion nanobeam can be tuned by functionally graded carbon nanotubes reinforced composites (FG-CNTRC). A finite element analysis (FEA) model is established on the COMSOL Multiphysics platform, and the simulation of the effect of thermal Casimir force on pull-in instability is utilized to verify the present analytical model. The results indicate that the numerical results well agree with the theoretical results in this work and experimental data in the literature. Further, the influences of volume fraction and geometrical distribution of CNTs, thermal Casimir force, nonlocal parameter, and squeeze film damping on electrically actuated instability and free-standing behavior are detailedly discussed. Besides, the evolution of equilibrium states of micromirror system is investigated, and bifurcation diagrams and phase portraits including the periodic, homoclinic, and heteroclinic orbits are described as well. The results demonstrated that the amplitude of the tilting angle for FGX-CNTRC type micromirror attenuates slower than for FGO-CNTRC type, and the increment of CNTs volume ratio slows down the attenuation due to the stiffening effect. When considering squeeze film damping, the stable center point evolves into one focus point with homoclinic orbits, and the dynamic system maintains two unstable saddle points with the heteroclinic orbits due to the effect of thermal Casimir force.

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Section: Electrostatic Force and Torquementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled effects of surface interaction and damping on electromechanical stability of functionally graded nanotubes reinforced torsional micromirror actuator

Yang

Liu

Ying³

et al. 2021

The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design

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“…Carbon-based nanostructures owing to possessing superior mechanical, electrical, and physical properties have shown broad prospects as components for numerous nanosized devices including resonators, 1 nanomotors, 2 nanobearings, 3 nanoswitches, 4 nanosensors, 5 nano-oscillators, 6 and other nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMs). 7,8 Of the recommended novel nano-devices, high-frequency nanoscale oscillators operating in the gigahertz (GHz) range have gained increased attention from the scientific community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuum study on the mechanics of ion-based carbon nanocones as gigahertz oscillators

Sadeghi

Ansari

2018

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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There is a growing interest in the development of nanomechanical oscillators operating in the gigahertz range and beyond. This paper introduces a novel nano-oscillator based on a chloride ion inside an open carbon nanocone decorated by functional groups at both small and wide ends. Assuming that the carbon atoms and the electric charges of functional groups are evenly distributed over the surface and the two ends of nanocone, respectively, a continuum-based model is presented through which potential energy and interaction force are evaluated analytically. The van der Waals interactions between ion and nanocone are modeled by the 6–12 Lennard–Jones potential, while the electrostatic interactions between ion and two functional groups are modeled by the Coulomb potential. With respect to the proposed formulations, potential energy and interaction force distribution are presented by varying sign and magnitude of functional groups charge and geometrical parameters (size of small and wide ends of nanocone and its vertex angle). Using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta numerical integration scheme, the equation of motion is also solved to arrive at the time histories of separation distance and velocity of ion. An extensive study is performed to investigate the effects of sign and magnitude of functional groups charge, geometrical parameters, and initial conditions (initial separation distance and initial velocity) on the oscillatory behavior of ion-electrically charged open carbon nanocone oscillator. Numerical results demonstrate that the oscillation frequency of chloride ion inside an uncharged nanocone is respectively lower and higher than those generated inside a nanocone whose small end is decorated by positively and negatively charged functional groups. It is further shown that oscillation frequency is highly affected by the sign of electric charges distributed at the small end of nanocone.

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“…Micro-/nano-electromechanical systems (M/NEMS) have attracted considerable attention from academic and industrial communities due to their advantages of small size, low weight, rapid response, relatively intensive and low cost [1]. These characteristics collectively render M/NEM-based devices suitable for a wide range of promising applications in micro-/nano-scale sensors, actuators, switches, and resonators [2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The schemes of different types of dispersion forces [14,15] are shown in [16,17]. Although there exist a great deal of literature on pull-in instability considering quantum Casimir force at zero temperature [3,5,6,18,19], the assumption of zero temperature is not accurate enough, and thermal Casimir force is few reported to exploit the electrostatic devices. Therefore, thermal fluctuation effects should be considered on electromechanical behaviors of microstructure at finite temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of FGCNTs reinforced microbeam with piezoelectric layer based on unifying stress-strain gradient framework

Yang

Fang

Wang

2017

Composites Part B: Engineering

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A size-dependent model of functionally graded carbon nanotubes (FGCNTs) reinforced microbeam with piezoelectric layer is presented based on unifying nonlocal stress and strain gradient framework. Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the microbeam arise from electrostatic, piezoelectric actuation and thermal loading, with consideration of quantum and thermal fluctuations induced Casimir force. The nonlinearly dynamic frequency and pull-in instability of FGCNTs reinforced microbeam with damping effect are investigated by perturbation technique and verified by numerical method, where the coupling effects of nonlocal stress gradient and strain gradient parameters on fundamental frequency are described. The results show that the frequency of piezoelectric laminated microbeam-damping system declines with the growth of nonlocal stress gradient parameter while increases with the increment of strain gradient parameter. The pull-in voltage of micro-piezoelectric laminated beam can be tuned by excitation voltage exerted on piezoelectric layer, and the frequency and pull-in voltage decrease with the increase of the excitation voltage exerted on piezoelectric layer. In addition, dissipative effects originating from viscous and structural damping are evaluated. It is found that the pull-in voltage of micro-structures with damping system is higher than that of undamped system.

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Pull-in instability of carbon nanotube-reinforced nano-switches considering scale, surface and thermal effects

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Coupled effects of surface interaction and damping on electromechanical stability of functionally graded nanotubes reinforced torsional micromirror actuator

Coupled effects of surface interaction and damping on electromechanical stability of functionally graded nanotubes reinforced torsional micromirror actuator

Continuum study on the mechanics of ion-based carbon nanocones as gigahertz oscillators

Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of FGCNTs reinforced microbeam with piezoelectric layer based on unifying stress-strain gradient framework

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