2022
DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s338955
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Pulmonary and Systemic Toxicity in a Rat Model of Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Induced by Indium-Tin Oxide Nanoparticles

Abstract: Purpose The main objective of this study was to clarify the biodistribution and in vivo toxicological effects of indium-tin oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ITO) in male rats. Methods Dose-response (three divided doses) and time-course studies (six exposure durations) were performed to examine Nano‑ITO-induced pulmonary and systemic toxicity. At the end of the experiment, hematology and serum biochemical parameters were determined, and cytokines levels and oxidative stress wer… Show more

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Cited by 19 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…For the intratracheal instillation in the present study, we used 50 mg/kg of Nano-SiO 2 and 6 mg/kg of Nano-ITO. In our previous intratracheal instillation studies, 6 mg/kg of Nano-ITO, was the maximum dose for inducing persistent lung inflammation, eventually lead to pulmonary fibrosis and alveolar proteinosis in rat lungs, 13 while 50 mg/kg of Nano-SiO 2 , was the appropriate dose to induce fibrosis. The results of those studies reveal that pulmonary toxicity following intratracheal instillation can be evaluated by using those dose rates, avoiding excessive dose which produced not only toxicity of Nano-SiO 2 or Nano-ITO itself, but also additional negative effects.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 92%
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“…For the intratracheal instillation in the present study, we used 50 mg/kg of Nano-SiO 2 and 6 mg/kg of Nano-ITO. In our previous intratracheal instillation studies, 6 mg/kg of Nano-ITO, was the maximum dose for inducing persistent lung inflammation, eventually lead to pulmonary fibrosis and alveolar proteinosis in rat lungs, 13 while 50 mg/kg of Nano-SiO 2 , was the appropriate dose to induce fibrosis. The results of those studies reveal that pulmonary toxicity following intratracheal instillation can be evaluated by using those dose rates, avoiding excessive dose which produced not only toxicity of Nano-SiO 2 or Nano-ITO itself, but also additional negative effects.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…The Nano-ITO used in this study were characterized as previously described. 13 The TEM images are presented in Figure 1C and show that the Nano-ITO was nearly spherical or ellipsoidal in shape. The average size of the Nano-ITO was 55.3±1.1 nm, while the peaks of the Nano-ITO particle size was distributed at 785.12 nm, which indicated that the nanoparticles were agglomerated, but it can be easily dispersed by simple sonication.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…After that, qPCR was carried out using AceQ qPCR SYBR Green Master Mix (without ROX) (Vazyme). Gene expression was normalized against GAPDH and calculated using 2 −ΔΔct method[ 31 ]. The sequences of primers were as follows: TGF-βR2 forward, 5’-AAACUACUAGGUAAAGGCACUUUU-3’ and reverse, 5’-GATAAAUUUAAAGCUCUGUGCC-3’; Smad2 forward, 5’-GGAGGACTGAGAAGGTGAGGC-3’ and reverse, 5’-GGCAAGGGGACATCCTCTG-3’; Smad3 forward, 5’-CTCTTCTCATTCCTGCTTG-3’ and reverse, 5’-CTCCACTTGGTGGTTTGT-3’; α-SMA forward, 5’-CACAGAAGGAGTGGCTAA-3’ and reverse, 5’-CCATAACGCACTAGGTTT-3’; GAPDH forward, 5’-GTCCACCGCAAATGCTTCTA-3’ and reverse, 5’-TGCTGTCACCTTCACCGTTC-3’.…”
Section: Rt-qpcr Assaymentioning
confidence: 99%