Pulmonary aspergillosis and mucormycosis in a patient with COVID-19

Johnson, Andre K.; Ghazarian, Zeron; Cendrowski, Kristina D.; Persichino, Jon

doi:10.1016/j.mmcr.2021.03.006

Cited by 109 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

103

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The cytokines released during COVID-19 further increases intracellular iron and leakage of iron into the circulation, posing as a risk factor for the development of mucormycosis ( John et al, 2021 ). Although the diagnosis of mucormycosis is mainly made by observing fungus in biopsies and culturing the tissue ( Johnson et al, 2021 ), waiting for the cultures in the dire COVID-19 situation may be impractical as the progression of mucormycosis is speedy ( Dallalzadeh et al, 2021 ). Also, other therapeutic options besides reversal of underlying cause must be implemented as the reversal of these conditions may not be possible while treatment is ongoing for COVID-19.…”

Section: Covid-19 and Mucormycosis: A Tangled Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mucormycosis in both the patients Steroidal treatment might have caused fungal infection in COVID-19 patients Veisi et al (2021) 79-year old male diabetes mellitus and hypertension fevers, rigors, dry cough, and worsening shortness of breath RT-PCR Chest X-ray CT scan BAL culture Ceftriaxone, azithromycin, remdesivir, dexamethasone, voriconazole COVID-19 positive with septate hyphae and characteristic conidial heads by Rhizopus arrhizus and Aspergillus fumigatus fungus. Pulmonary aspergillosis and mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients as secondary infections Johnson et al (2021) 68-year old male Hyperglycemia and acute renal failure non-productive cough with non-bloody diarrhea, fever CT scan Prednisone, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, atovaquone, nystatin, valganciclovir, hydroxychloroquine Purplish skin discoloration with fluctuant swelling Evaluation for invasive fungal infections in patients with COVID-19 infection should be recommended Khatri et al (2021) 2 cases (Abstract) diabetes mellitus and ketoacidosis – – corticosteroids Fungal infection with rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis Early diagnosis is important in COVID-19 patients Dallalzadeh et al (2021) 24-year-old female Obesity COVID-19 with respiratory failure and oxygen saturation CT scan RT-PCR Fungal culture – Swelling of the left inferior turbinate and thickening of the mucosa of the maxillary, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses on the ipsilateral side. Rhino-orbital mucormycosis The study recommends mycotic infection in COVID-19 patients with diabetes ...…”

Section: Possible Role Of Action Of Mucormycosis Among Covid-19 Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mucormycosis: An opportunistic pathogen during COVID-19

Iyer¹,

Jayaramayya

Venkatesan

et al. 2021

Environmental Research

161

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) still remains on an upsurge trend. The second wave of this disease has led to panic in many countries, including India and some parts of the world suffering from the third wave. As there are no proper treatment options or remedies available for this deadly infection, supportive care equipment's such as oxygen cylinders, ventilators and heavy use of steroids play a vital role in the management of COVID-19. In the midst of this pandemic, the COVID-19 patients are acquiring secondary infections such as mucormycosis also known as black fungus disease. Mucormycosis is a serious, but rare opportunistic fungal infection that spreads rapidly, and hence prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary to avoid high rate of mortality and morbidity rates. Mucormycosis is caused by the inhalation of its filamentous (hyphal form) fungi especially in the patients who are immunosuppressed. Recent studies have documented alarming number of COVID-19 patients with mucormycosis infection. Most of these patients had diabetes and were administered steroids for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and were consequently more prone to mucormycosis. Hence, the present review emphasizes mucormycosis and its related conditions, its mechanism in normal and COVID-19 affected individuals, influencing factors and challenges to overcome this black mold infection. Early identification and further investigation of this fungus will significantly reduce the severity of the disease and mortality rate in COVID-19 affected patients.

show abstract

Section: Covid-19 and Mucormycosis: A Tangled Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Possible Role Of Action Of Mucormycosis Among Covid-19 Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucormycosis: An opportunistic pathogen during COVID-19

Iyer¹,

Jayaramayya

Venkatesan

et al. 2021

Environmental Research

161

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rhizopus arrhizus infections predominantly involve the rhinoorbital-cerebral, pulmonary syndromes, cutaneous and gastrointestinal system. These infections are highly angioinvasive and may spread in severely immunocompromised patients, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates [2,3]. Aspergillus fumigatus predominantly cause Aspergillosis infections, and the conditions are intimately related to patients on immunosuppressive-corticosteroid therapy [2,6].…”

Section: Predisposition To Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We extend our earnest and warmest gratitude to the Honorable Chairman Shri RPN Singh and Prof. Namrata Chhabra for providing us with guidance to conduct the study successfully. Authors' affiliations: [1][2] Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Medical College, Belle Rive, Mauritius 3 Trauma Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar 4 Geriatric and long term care Department, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar 5 Uro oncologist and Robotic Surgeon, Apollo multi speciality Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal, India Authors' contribution All authors have made substantial contributions to all of the following: (1) the conception and design of the study (2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content, (3) final approval of the version to be submitted Competing interests There is no conflict of interest for any author of this manuscript.…”

Section: Acknowledgementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucormycosis and COVID-19 an epidemic in a pandemic?

Banerjee¹,

Robinson²,

Asim

et al. 2021

Nepal J Epidemiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mucormycosis and aspergillosis are rare, invasive and life-threatening infections. The causative agents being namely: Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus arrhizus. The case fatality rates being over 50% respectively. Invasive Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis have been established and recognized as a complication of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. These cases have been intimately linked and related to prior corticosteroid therapy. With the new B.1.617.2 and B.1.617.2.1 or AY.1 strain of the coronavirus running rampant throughout India causing unprecedented death tolls, a new crisis is evolving. Invasive “black fungus” (Mucormycosis) is creating an epidemic within a global pandemic. The unique socio-economic, genetic and health status of India’s population culminates into a melting pot which sustains the viable triad for the “black fungus” infection to gain a stronghold. Diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression and the current COVID-19 global pandemic with its massive surges in the country have produced the “perfect storm.” Eye surgeons from around India are registering a surge in invasive Mucormycosis cases with a rise in orbital compartment syndrome often calling for radical procedures such as enucleation surgeries. The “black fungus” pandemic and invasive Mucormycosis occurring in COVID-19 patients in India is a depiction of the sinister secondary infections and complications intimately linked with the virus. It is therefore of the upmost importance that countries surrounding India in particular Nepal and other Asiatic nations take great cognizance of this indolent “black fungus killer” and ensure new screening and testing protocols are put into place.

show abstract

“…The increasing number of recent case series of mucormycosis complicating COVID-19 patients in the United States, 10 – 16 Austria, 17 Brazil, 18 Mexico, 19 Italy, 20 France, 21 Iran, 22 – 24 and India, 25 – 34 raises concerns regarding the misuse of immunosuppressive drugs in patients with COVID-19. Mucormycosis is a neglected mycosis that should be considered in the context of patients with COVID-19, in the same way as COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis, and it is possibly underreported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%