2021
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.772411
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Pulmonary Complications in Children Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of the Diagnostic Approach

Abstract: Pulmonary complications are common in children following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and contribute to their morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis is essential for management and prevention of progression of lung injury and damage. In many cases, diagnosis can be challenging and may require diagnostic imaging and more invasive testing such as bronchoscopy and lung biopsy. We report the case of a 12-year-old girl who developed recurrent episodes of acute respiratory failure requiring intensive c… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…Although some authors have debated the role of bronchoscopy and BAL in investigating post HSCT pulmonary disease, this remains commonly utilized [5] (Table 2). The diagnostic yield using standard investigations such as microscopy, culture and sensitivity (MC&S) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on BAL specimens in children has recently been reported to be between 30% and 67% [9][10][11]. A higher diagnostic yield has been reported when bronchoscopy is performed early in the presentation, specifically within the first 4 days after onset of symptoms or signs [9,10].…”
Section: Key Pointsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Although some authors have debated the role of bronchoscopy and BAL in investigating post HSCT pulmonary disease, this remains commonly utilized [5] (Table 2). The diagnostic yield using standard investigations such as microscopy, culture and sensitivity (MC&S) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on BAL specimens in children has recently been reported to be between 30% and 67% [9][10][11]. A higher diagnostic yield has been reported when bronchoscopy is performed early in the presentation, specifically within the first 4 days after onset of symptoms or signs [9,10].…”
Section: Key Pointsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Of the two approaches, flexible bronchoscopic BAL was significantly more likely to have a diagnostic impact on multivariate analysis (odds ratio [OR] 6.10, (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.90-24.0)) [12]. Beyond diagnostic yield, the clinical impact of BAL on antimicrobial use has also been assessed, resulting in change in antimicrobial therapy of between 34% and 68% of episodes [9][10][11]. As outlined in Table 2, these data suggest that BAL has important implications for antimicrobial stewardship and may contribute to reducing unwarranted antibiotic exposure in this population.…”
Section: Key Pointsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(7) Embora a tomografia computadorizada (TC) seja o método de escolha para detectar anormalidades pulmonares, os achados tomográficos geralmente são inespecíficos e requerem correlações temporais baseadas no estado imune do paciente. (5,6,8) Foi realizada uma revisão retrospectiva de todos os pacientes menores de 14 anos que receberam TCTH em um centro de referência no período de 2013 a A TC de tórax foi realizada em 75 (46,6%) pacientes no acompanhamento pós-transplante, dos quais 61 (81,3%) apresentavam anormalidades. Os achados e frequências foram nódulos em 52,5% dos casos; atelectasia em 34,4%; opacificação em vidro fosco em 34,3%; padrões de atenuação em mosaico em 27,9%; nódulos de halo em vidro fosco em 23%; espessamento e consolidação brônquica, ambos em 16,4%; linfonodo/linfadenomegalia em 14,8%; padrão de árvore em brotamento em 11,5% e outros achados (derrame pleural, espessamento de septos interlobulares e bronquiectasias) em 50,8%.…”
Section: Ao Editorunclassified
“…Chong-Silva DC, Schneider PM, Jardim TAP, Nichele S, Loth G, Riedi CA, Chong Neto HJ, Bonfim CMS, Rosário Filho NA consolidação do espaço aéreo, atenuação em vidro fosco e nódulos. (8,9) Esses achados são marcadores para o diagnóstico diferencial de doenças pulmonares, algumas das quais são típicas de cenários clínicos específicos. (8,9) Doença pulmonar veno-oclusiva e BO foram diagnosticadas em 1,8% dos pacientes deste estudo.…”
Section: Carta Ao Editorunclassified
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