Pulmonary delivery of nanostructured lipid carriers for effective repurposing of salinomycin as an antiviral agent

Abstract

Coronavirus disease outbreak caused a severe public health burden all over the world. Salinomycin (SAL) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that had drawn attention in selective targeting of cancer and viral infections. Recent drug screen identified SAL as a potent antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2. In this hypothesis, we discuss the potential of pulmonary delivery of SAL using nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) against SARS-CoV-2.

Traditional Chinese medicine combined with pulmonary drug delivery system and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Rationale and therapeutic potential

“…Although, till now, there have been no definitive or effective drugs that have been developed for the treament of COVID-19, many scholars have explored some feasible solutions for the treatments through PDDS [ 129 ]. For example, Sai [ 130 ] conceived a salinomycin nanostructured lipid carrier, which exerts its antiviral effect through inhalation. And Isabella [ 131 ] designed delivery of fenretinide into the lungs at a high concentration using PDDS, to efficiently utilize the anti-inflammatory effect of fenretinide ( Fig.…”

Recent updates in COVID-19 with emphasis on inhalation therapeutics: Nanostructured and targeting systems

“…Pindiprolu et al [ 148 ], justified the performance of salinomycin as an effective antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2 through formation of a nanostructured lipid delivery system followed by pulmonary inhalation. Nanostructured lipid is biocompatible for pulmonary delivery, easily aerosolized into fine droplets with optimal aerodynamic particle size distribution.…”

COVID-19 infection and nanomedicine applications for development of vaccines and therapeutics: An overview and future perspectives based on polymersomes

“…Due to the severity of COVID-19 could be affected by the commensal microbiome and dietary patterns, researchers also highlighted the potential role of nanomedicine in designing intelligent drugs and functional foods that could target problematic bacterial strains in the gut as a form of auxiliary therapy for COVID-19 ( Kalantar-Zadeh et al, 2020 ). Another one of the hypothesized approaches pertains to the use of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for the intra-pulmonary delivery of salinomycin (SAL) in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 ( Pindiprolu et al, 2020 ). SAL is a potential antiviral drug whose mechanism of action is based on a pH-dependent process that prevents the membrane fusion with SARS-CoV-2 and thus the virus entry into the host cells ( Jang et al, 2018 ; Ko et al, 2020 ).…”

“…SAL is a potential antiviral drug whose mechanism of action is based on a pH-dependent process that prevents the membrane fusion with SARS-CoV-2 and thus the virus entry into the host cells ( Jang et al, 2018 ; Ko et al, 2020 ). Owing to its small size with good tolerability for drug delivery, along with the ability to be aerosolized into droplets that adhere to the mucosal surface of the lungs and get retained there for prolonged periods of time ( Pindiprolu et al, 2020 ), NLCs are considered prospective for improvement of the therapeutic potentials of SAL against SARS-CoV-2.…”