Pulmonary Effects of Experimental Graded Aspiration of Hydrochloric Acid

Protective effects of S-methylisothiourea sulfate on different aspiration materials-induced lung injury in rats

“…Histopathological parameters including PICI, ASI, AED, AEX, AHI, IF, GRA, and NEC were observed in all groups but were statistically more severe in group HCl. Our findings support these previous studies [17][18][19][20][21][22]. Our study showed that, in the SMT treated groups, lung injury was less than in the only untreated groups.…”

“…Several animal studies have shown that acid aspiration pneumonitis often complicated by secondary bacterial pneumonia and, in about a third of cases, causes severe lung injury [17][18][19][20]. It is characterized by increased permeability induced pulmonary edema and infiltration of neutrophils in lung tissue [17].…”

Accuracy of the double indicator method for measurement of extravascular lung water depends on the type of acute lung injury*

“…Indeed, peribronchial edema and inflammation are characteristic after HCl injury (30). Since conducting airways are served by the bronchial circulation, thermal indicator could not detect edema fluid in and around them, thus contributing to the underestimation by the DI method.…”

Neural control of ventilation prevents both over-distension and de-recruitment of experimentally injured lungs

“…HCL induced lung injury improved pattern of lung aeration in cNAVA ventilated rabbits) agree with findings that HCL-induced ALI induces heterogeneous injury and de-recruitment of the lungs. 23 This is in stark contrast to healthy homogenous lungs which are easily recruited. 35 Our findings of a major shift to normally aerated and not overdistended lung-regions after ALI is in agreement with lung aeration observed using current clinical standards e.g.…”

“…23 During spontaneous breathing, maintenance of diaphragm activation during exhalation is a fundamental mechanism to prevent lung de-recruitment. 24,25 Previous work in both intubated rabbits with experimental ALI and in intubated children shows that tonic EAdi increases when PEEP is reduced.…”